Dietary magnesium intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
BMC Medicinevolume 14, Article number: 210 (2016)
Xuexian Fang, Kai Wang, Dan Han, Xuyan He, Jiayu Wei, Lu Zhao, Mustapha Umar Imam, Zhiguang Ping, Yusheng Li, Yuming Xu, Junxia Min & Fudi Wang
Overview Diabetes and vitamin D contains the following
- Diabetes is 5X more frequent far from the equator
- Children getting 2,000 IU of vitamin D are 8X less likely to get Type 1 diabetes
- Obese people get less sun / Vitamin D - and also vitamin D gets lost in fat
- Sedentary people get less sun / Vitamin D
- Worldwide Diabetes increase has been concurrent with vitamin D decrease and air conditioning
- Elderly get 4X less vitamin D from the same amount of sun
Elderly also spend less time outdoors and have more clothes on - All items in category Diabetes and Vitamin D
443 items: both Type 1 and Type 2 Vitamin D appears to both prevent and treat diabetes
- Appears that >2,000 IU will Prevent
- Appears that >4,000 IU will Treat , but not cure
- Appears that Calcium and Magnesium are needed for both Prevention and Treatment
- which are just some of the vitamin D cofactors
Number of articles in both categories of Diabetes and:
- Dark Skin
22 ; Intervention 47 ; Meta-analysis 28 ; Obesity 26 ; Pregnancy 39 ; T1 (child) 33 ; Omega-3 10 ; Vitamin D Receptor 17 ; Genetics 9 ; Magnesium 18 Click here to see details Diabetic Epidemic
- Step back to 1994. Suppose an epidemic struck the United States, causing blindness, kidney failure, and leg amputations in steadily increasing numbers.
Suppose that in less than a decade's time, the epidemic had victimized one out of every eight people
That epidemic is real, and its name is diabetes, now the nation's sixth leading cause of death.
Chart from the web (2018?)
Magnesium and Vitamin D contains the following summary251 items in category, see also - Overview Magnesium and vitamin D
- Vitamin D Cofactors in a nutshell
- Magnesium and Vitamin D - similar, different and synergistic
- Magnesium deficiency – causes and symptoms – May 2016
- Magnesium is vital to Vitamin D in 4 places (maybe 8) – March 2018
- Magnesium and Vitamin D – recent deficiencies, needed, synergistic - good overview 2017
- The Importance of Magnesium in Clinical Healthcare (with level of evidence) – Sept 2017
- Why Vitamin D is Useless without This Critical Nutrient (Magnesium) - Jan 2019
- Magnesium supplementation raises Vitamin D if initially less than 30 ng – RCT Dec 2018
- Magnesium is great for health, topical much faster than oral, MgCl is the best – 2019
- Magnesium is important for health but levels are low – July 2018
- How to get lots of Magnesium – especially needed for Coimbra MS and Autoimmune Protocol
Dr. Dean
- Some Podcasts by Dr. C Dean – Magnesium, Vitamin D, Iodine, etc.
- Magnesium and the body - depletion and reduced intake - Dean Oct 2019
- Magnesium, Vitamin D, Omega-3, TSH - importance and testing - Dean and Baggerly - Oct 2019
Number of studies in both of the categories of Magnesium and:
Bone14 , Cardiovascular 13 , Diabetes 18 . Depression 10 , Obesity 8 , Omega-3 21 , Zinc 15 , Pregnancy 7 , Headache 6
Overview Magnesium and vitamin D Has a venn diagram of relationship of Mg and Vit DMagnesium not Magnesium Vitamin D Magnesium or Vitamin D
Aging, Amytrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Alzheimer's Disease;
Asthma, Attention Deficit Disorder; Autism, Cancer, Cerebrovascular,
Chronic Fatigue, Diabetes, Hearing Loss, Heart Disease, Heart Attack, Atherosclerosis,
Cardiovascular Disease, HIV, AIDS; Hypertension; Kidney Stones,
Migraine Headache, Multiple Sclerosis, Obesity, Osteoporosis; Peripheral vascular disease;
Pregnancy-related problems,Rheumatoid Arthritis; Sports-related problems,Vitamin D only
Acne, Allergy, Autoimmune, Bone, Breathing,
Celiac, Cognition, Colds and Flu, Cystic Fibrosis,
Dental, Fertility, Hyperparathyroid, Immunity, Kidney,
Liver, Lupus, Osteoarthritis, Pain - chronic, Parkinson,
Psoriasis, Rickets, Strokes, Sarcoidosis, Thyroid, Parathyroid,
Tuberculosis, Vision, Hair, Skin, SportsNot Vitamin D Magnesium only
Aggressive Behavior, Alcoholism, Arrhythmia, Cerebral Palsy,
Chemical Sensitivity, Cluster Headaches; Cocaine-related Stroke; Constipation,
Cramps, Fluoride Toxicity; Head Injuries, Central Nervous System Injuries,
Magnesium Deficiency; Menopause, Mitral Valve Prolapse,
Nystagmus, Psychiatric Disorders; Repetitive Strain Injury, Sickle Cell Disease, SIDS,
Stress, Stuttering, Tetanus; Tinnitis, Sound Sensitivity; TMJ; Toxic Shock; ViolenceNeither
ALL OTHER DISEASES
The items in both categories Diabetes and Magnesium are:- Low Magnesium associated with diabetes, etc. – meta-analysis 2016
- Low Level Laser Therapy greatly increased Vitamin D and Magnesium (for diabetics with nephropathy) – March 2019
- Young Diabetics had 3.8 X higher risk of Parkinson’s (perhaps low Mg or low Vitamin D)– June 2018
- Cardiometaboic problems decreased with increased Vitamin D, unless low Magnesium – Aug 2017
- Diabetes 29 % less likely if consume lots of Magnesium and cereal fiber (surveys of 200,000 people) – Oct 2017
- Magnesium is associated with prevention and treatment of Diabetes – Meta-analysis Aug 2016
- Type 2 diabetes associated with low Magnesium
- MAGNESIUM IN MAN - IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH AND DISEASE – review 2015
- More vitamin D makes for better health – dissertation based on Rotterdam studies – Oct 2015
- Prediabetes reduced in half by those getting Magnesium Chloride – RCT April 2015
- Type II Diabetes might be prevented and treated with Magnesium – Review Feb 2015
- Diabetes decreased with 300 mg of Mg (Mg Sulfate) – RCT July 2014
- Daily Magnesium improved all aspects of metabolic profile – RCT July 2014
- Diabetes and low Magnesium - Mercola 2014 - 2019
- Diabetics have problems with low Magnesium, especially if taking statins – Aug 2013
- Low Magnesium and type II diabetes – June 2012
- Hypothesis: Decreasing Magnesium and increasing CaMg ratio are increasing health problems – 2012 - 2013
- Reduced chance of diabetes 46 percent with Magnesium - Oct 2010
The items in both categories Diabetes and Meta-analysis are:
- Low Magnesium associated with diabetes, etc. – meta-analysis 2016
- Vitamin D reduced only the systolic blood pressure in T2DM – Meta-analysis April 2019
- Vitamin D helps Diabetic Nephropathy kidneys – meta-analysis April 2019
- Vitamin D treats Gestational Diabetes, decreases hospitalization and newborn complications – meta-analysis March 2019
- Diabetic Foot Ulcer 3.2 X or 3.6 X more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analyses 2019
- Prediabetes treated by Vitamin D (34 ng, 3500 IU per day) – meta-analysis May 2018
- Diabetics helped by vitamin D in 5 ways – meta-analysis June 2018
- Diabetes treated and prevented by more than 2,000 IU of vitamin D (need more and gut-friendly) - meta-analyses 2018
- Gestational Diabetes 39 percent more likely if insufficient Vitamin D – Meta-analysis March 2018
- Diabetic inflammation reduced by Vitamin D – meta-analysis Feb 2018
- Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM) 1.6 X more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis Jan 2018
- Hyperglycemia associated with low vitamin D – type II diabetics and healthy people – meta-analysis Jan 2018
- Diabetes helped by daily 4,000 IU of Vitamin D – meta-analysis Sept 2017
- Diabetic nephropathy (Kidney problem) 1.8 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis July 2017
- Diabetic Retinopathy twice as likely if a T2 Diabetic has low level of vitamin D – meta-analysis March 2017
- Diabetic Retinopathy 2 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Nov 2016
- Magnesium is associated with prevention and treatment of Diabetes – Meta-analysis Aug 2016
- Diabetic Retinopathy 27 percent more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis May 2016
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus 1.5X more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis Oct 2015
- Diabetes not prevented by Vitamin D (when you ignore how much vitamin D was taken) – Sept 2015
- Diabetics are 2.7 X more likely to get peripheral neuropathy if low vitamin D – meta-analysis Dec 2014
- Diabetes not prevented or treated if give only modest amount of vitamin D or for short period of time – meta-analysis July 2014
- Type 2 diabetes 1.5X more likely if low vs high vitamin D – meta-analysis Feb 2013
- 4 percent less type 2 diabetes for every 4 ng more vitamin D – meta-analysis May 2013
- Vitamin D receptor gene associated with 50 percent more type 2 Diabetes – meta-analyses 2013, 2016
- Metabolic Syndrome in children is associated with low vitamin D – review Jan 2013
- Gestational diabetes 60 percent more likely below 20 ng of vitamin D – meta-analysis Feb 2012
- Diabetes down 13 percent if more than 500 IU of vitamin D – meta-analysis July 2011
Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
Background
Although studies have examined the association between dietary magnesium intake and health outcome, the results are inconclusive. Here, we conducted a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies in order to investigate the correlation between magnesium intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and all-cause mortality.Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched for articles that contained risk estimates for the outcomes of interest and were published through May 31, 2016. The pooled results were analyzed using a random-effects model.Results
Forty prospective cohort studies totaling more than 1 million participants were included in the analysis. During the follow-up periods (ranging from 4 to 30 years), 7678 cases of CVD, 6845 cases of coronary heart disease (CHD), 701 cases of heart failure, 14,755 cases of stroke, 26,299 cases of T2D, and 10,983 deaths were reported. No significant association was observed between increasing dietary magnesium intake (per 100 mg/day increment) and the risk of total CVD (RR: 0.99; 95% CI, 0.88–1.10) or CHD (RR: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85–1.01). However, the same incremental increase in magnesium intake was associated with a 22% reduction in the risk of heart failure (RR: 0.78; 95% CI, 0.69–0.89) and a 7% reduction in the risk of stroke (RR: 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89–0.97). Moreover, the summary relative risks of T2D and mortality per 100 mg/day increment in magnesium intake were 0.81 (95% CI, 0.77–0.86) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.81–0.99), respectively.Conclusions
Increasing dietary magnesium intake is associated with a reduced risk of stroke, heart failure, diabetes, and all-cause mortality, but not CHD or total CVD. These findings support the notion that increasing dietary magnesium might provide health benefits.Low Magnesium associated with diabetes, etc. – meta-analysis 2016
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