Association between the vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and diabetic nephropathy risk: a meta-analysis
Nephrologiy online: 13 July 2017, DOI: 10.1111/nep.13111
Fang Yin, Jing Liu, Ming-Xiu Fan, Xiao-Li Zhou, Xiao-Ling Zhang
Items in both categories Kidney and Vitamin D Receptor:
- Metformin appears to activate the Vitamin D Receptor (more D to kidney cells, etc,) - March 2025
- Kidney failure 1.1 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Dec 2019
- Sudden kidney infection in children was 9X more likely if poor Vitamin D receptor – July 2018
- Diabetic nephropathy (Kidney problem) 1.8 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis July 2017
- Vitamin D level can be high, but little benefit: due to kidney, genes, low Magnesium etc.
- Vitamin D receptor activation and Chronic Kidney Disease – Oct 2011
Items in both categories Diabetes and Vitamin D Receptor:
- Metformin appears to activate the Vitamin D Receptor (more D to kidney cells, etc,) - March 2025
- T2 Diabetes might be fought by Vitamin D plus Vitamin D Receptor activators – April 2023
- Diabetes 3X more likely if had COVID ICU (VDR was deactivated) - April 2023
- T2 diabetes complications increased 35-52 percent if low vitamin D – Sept 2022
- T2 Diabetes 30 percent more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis of 47 studies – July 2021
- Gestational Diabetes – increased risk if poor Vitamin D Receptor – 2 Meta-Analyses 2021
- Type 1 Diabetes (Autoimmune) and Vitamin D, Vitamin D Receptor and Cathelicidin - Dec 2020
- Diabetes decreased by activating Vitamin D Receptor (transgenic mice) – Feb 2020
- Gestational Diabetes 2.4X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor (region in China) – June 2019
- Gestational Diabetes 3 X more likely if poor Vitamin D receptor (Turkey) – May 2019
- Resveratrol prevented bone loss associated with T2DM (probably via VDR) – RCT Sept 2018
- Diabetic nephropathy deactivates the Vitamin D Receptor, reducing tissue Vit D – Feb 2019
- Resveratrol improves health (Vitamin D receptor, etc.) - many studies
- Inflammation and immune responses to Vitamin D (perhaps need to measure active vitamin D) – July 2017
- Type 1 Diabetes 14 percent more likely with 2 Vitamin D Receptor mutations – Oct 2017
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus associated with 4 Vitamin D genes – Oct 2015
- Diabetic nephropathy (Kidney problem) 1.8 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis July 2017
- Type 1 Diabetes association with poor Vitamin D Receptor: 39 studies – April 2017
- Type 1 diabetes 1.6 times more likely if a Vitamin D Receptor problem – Feb 2017
- Diabetic Retinopathy 2 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis Nov 2016
- Diabetic foot ulcer 1.7 times more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Jan 2017
- Vitamin D activates the hypothalamus (in rodents) to reduce weight and diabetes– May 2016
- Diabetes (T2) 16 percent more likely if Vitamin D receptor problem – Oct 2015
- Type 1 diabetes associated with faulty Vitamin D receptor genes – May 2013
- Vitamin D receptor gene associated with 50 percent more type 2 Diabetes – meta-analyses 2013, 2016
Items in both categories Diabetes and Kidney:
- Metformin appears to activate the Vitamin D Receptor (more D to kidney cells, etc,) - March 2025
- Vitamin D, minerals (Mg, Ca, K, Phosphate, Na, Fe, Zn, Cl, Se) and health – 15 studies 2024
- DNA analysis of genes (Polygenic risk) shows increased risk of 9 health problems (all 9 fought by Vitamin D) – Feb 2024
- Magnesium Depletion Score predicts increased risk of various health problems
- Diabetics 5X more-likely to get CKD if have very low Vitamin D – June 2022
- 26 health factors increase the risk of COVID-19 – all are proxies for low vitamin D
- Vitamin D deficiency associated with increased risk of many health problems in 58,000,000 Americans - Nov 2020
- Diabetic kidney problems in children last longer if low vitamin D – May 2019
- Vitamin D helps Diabetic Nephropathy kidneys – meta-analysis April 2019
- Diabetic nephropathy (Kidney) treated by 50,000 IU of vitamin D weekly – RCT Jan 2019
- Diabetic nephropathy (Kidney problem) 1.8 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis July 2017
- Psoriasis is associated with kidney disease, heart problems, diabetes, etc – Nov 2015
- Diabetic Nephropathy – active vitamin D helps – Dec 2014
- Fructose reduces blood levels of active vitamin D
- Table of outcomes for seniors vs vitamin D level
- Vitamin D decreases incidence of disease
Vitamin D Receptor category has a summary table
Increased risk associated with a poor Vitamin D Receptor
Note: Some diseases reduce VDR activation
those with a * are known to decrease activation
Aims
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe microvascular complication frequently associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to estimate the effect between Apa I, Bsm I, Fok I and Taq I polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and DN susceptibility.
Methods
Eligible case–control studies published updated to March 2017 were searched. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confident intervals (CI) were employed to calculate the strength of effect.
Results
12 articles were finally screened out, including 3954 diabetic patients and 1248 healthy controls. When compared with the diabetic patients without nephropathy, our results found that only the Bsm I polymorphism was associated with increased risk of DN under the
- allelic model (B vs. b: OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.03-2.20, P = 0.04) and
- dominant model (BB + Bb vs. bb: OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.00-2.31, P = 0.05).
When compared with the healthy controls, our results showed that the Bsm I polymorphism was associated with the DN susceptibility under the
- allelic model (B vs. b: OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.12-2.91, P = 0.02), the
- homogeneous model (BB vs. bb: OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.03-1.98, P = 0.03), and the
- domain model (BB + Bb vs. bb: OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.06-3.05, P = 0.03);
the Taq I variant was associated with increased risk of DN only under the heterogeneous model (Tt vs. tt: OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.04-5.03, P = 0.04).
Conclusions
Our results suggested that B allele, and BB + Bb genotypes of Bsm I variant, Tt genotype of Taq I variant might be risk factors for DN. Future researches are still needed to identify our results.