Table of contents
- The effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acid co-supplementation on glycemic control and lipid concentrations in patients with gestational diabetes - Feb 2017
- The effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes - Dec 2017
The effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acid co-supplementation on glycemic control and lipid concentrations in patients with gestational diabetes - Feb 2017
Journal of Clinical Lipidology, online 2 Feb 2017, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2017.01.011
Mehri Jamilian, MD1, Mansooreh Samimi, MD2, Faraneh Afshar Ebrahimi, MD2, Teibeh Hashemi, MD3, Mohsen Taghizadeh, PhD3, Maryamalsadat Razavi, MD4, , , Marzieh Sanami, BSc3, Zatollah Asemi, PhD3, ,
Trial was only 6 weeks – hardly enough time to get to a good level of vitamin D
Longer trial or starting with loading dose would have had much better results
| No Vitamin D 2000mg Omega3 600mg EPA 480mg DHA | 50,000 IU Vit D* | 50,000 IU Vit D* 2000 mg Omega3 | No Vitamin D No Omega-3 | |
| fasting plasma glucose | -7 | -7 | -4 | +1 |
| serum insulin levels | -1 | -1 | 0 | +3 |
| HOMA-IR | -0.7 | -0. | -0.2 | +0.6 |
| serum triglycerides | -8 | +8 | +4 | +20 |
| VLDL-cholesterol | -2 | +2 | 0` | +4 |
* every 2 weeks, otherwise daily
See also VitaminDWiki
Overview: Omega-3 many benefits include helping vitamin D
Pages listed in BOTH of the categories Diabetes and Pregnancy
- Gestational Diabetes 39 percent more likely if insufficient Vitamin D – Meta-analysis March 2018
- Gestational Diabetes 1.9 X more likely if low vitamin D – review Dec 2017
- Congenital Heart Disease is associated with gestational diabetes in first trimester (need Vitamin D and Omega-3 early) Dec 2017
- Gestational diabetes 30 percent less likely if consumed more than 400 IU of vitamin D daily – Oct 2017
- Low vitamin D plus gestational diabetes resulted in increased ICU use, SGA – Oct 2016
- Gestational diabetes treated by Vitamin D plus Omega-3 – RCT Feb 2017
- Gestational Diabetes reduce 3 times by 5,000 IU of Vitamin D – RCT Jan 2016
- Gestational Diabetes treated with 50,000 IU every two weeks – RCT Sept 2016
- Low vitamin D in pregnancy – epigenetic pancreas problems in offspring (mice) – May 2016
- MAGNESIUM IN MAN - IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH AND DISEASE – review 2015
- Gestational Diabetes 3.7 X more likely if smoke and have low vitamin D (no surprise) – Feb 2016
- Gestational Diabetes helped by Vitamin D and Calcium (also less C-section and LGA) – RCT Jan 2016
- Diabetes in child not prevented by a tiny amount of vitamin D during pregnancy – Nov 2015
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus 1.5X more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis Oct 2015
- Gestational Diabetes increasing, especially in dark skinned women (low vitamin D) - 2007
- Increased Gestational Diabetes and poorer infant health associated with low vitamin D – June 2015
- Gestational Diabetes in 10 percent of pregnancies, vitamin D probably helps – Jan 2014
- Gestational diabetes – Vitamin D and Calcium provided huge benefits – RCT March 2015
- Gestational diabetes reduced by just two 50,000 IU doses of vitamin D – RCT Nov 2014
- Gestational Diabetes reduced with 50,000 IU of vitamin D every 3 weeks and daily Calcium – RCT June 2014
- Gestational Diabetes reduced 40 percent by 5,000 IU of vitamin D – RCT April 2014
- Insulin resistance during pregnancy improved with 50,000 IU of vitamin D every 2 weeks – RCT April 2013
- During pregnancy even 400 IU helps metabolic status – RCT July 2013
- Will 1600 IU vitamin D prevent gestational diabetes – no, not enough, July 2013
- Vitamin D protects against many types of health problems – review May 2013
- Dr. Holick video on vitamin D - March 2013
- Gestational diabetes 2.2X more likely below 10 ng of vitamin D – June 2012
- Gestational diabetes 60 percent more likely below 20 ng of vitamin D – meta-analysis Feb 2012
- Type I diabetes 2X more likely if mother had low vitamin D – Jan 2012
- 300,000 IU loading dose of vitamin D3 stopped gestational diabetes in RCT – Oct 2011
- Less muscle and insulin resistance for children of vitamin D deficient mothers – Jan 2011
- Vitamin D Levels at Birth May Predict Obesity Risk at age 3 - Oct 2010
Pages listed in BOTH of the categories Omega-3 and Pregnancy
- Omega-3 – fewer than 5 percent of adult women get the RDA – April 2018
- Supplementation while pregnant and psychotic – 20 percent Omega-3, 6 percent Vitamin D – June 2016
- Importance of Vitamin D and fish rarely mentioned during midwife-led prenatal booking visits – July 2017
- Pre-term birth rate of pregnant smokers cut in half if take Omega-3 – RCT May 2017
- Gestational diabetes treated by Vitamin D plus Omega-3 – RCT Feb 2017
- Asthma reduced 31 percent when Omega-3 taken during pregnancy – RCT Dec 2016
- Preterm births strongly related to Vitamin D, Vitamin D Receptor, Iodine, Omega-3, etc
- Typical pregnancy is now 39 weeks – Omega-3 and Vitamin D might restore it to full 40 weeks
- Omega-3 supplementation during pregnancy reduce early pre-term births (save 1500 USD per child) – Aug 2016
- Rancid Omega-3 increased the odds of newborn mortality by 13 times (rats) – July 2016
- Preterm birth extended by 2 weeks with Omega-3 – Meta-analysis Nov 2015
- Stillbirth rate typically 1 in 200, perhaps only 1 in 800 with Omega-3
- Omega-3 helps pregnancy in many ways: preterm 26 percent less likely etc – review July 2012
- Pregnancy and infants healthier with Omega-3 supplementation
- Vitamin D, DHA, Folic, Iodine benefits during pregnancy – July 2012
Overview Loading of vitamin D contains the following
If a person is, or is suspected to be, very vitamin D deficient a loading dose is typically given
- Loading = repletion = quick replacement (previously known as Stoss)
- Loading doses range in size from 100,000 IU to 1,000,000 IU of Vitamin D3
- The size of the loading dose is a function of body weight - see below
Unfortunately, some doctors persist in using Vitamin D2 instead of D3 - Loading may be done as quickly as a single day, to as slowly as 3 months.
It appears that spreading the loading dose over 4-20 days is a good compromise - Loading is typically oral, but sometimes by injection (I.M,)
- The loading dose persists in the body for about 3 months
The loading dose should be followed up with continuing maintenance
Unfortunately, many doctors fail to follow-up with the maintenance dosing. - As about 1 in 300 people have some form of mild allergic reaction to vitamin D supplements,
it appears prudent to test with a small amount of vitamin D before giving a loading dose - The causes of a mild allergic reaction appear to be: (in order of occurance)
1) lack of magnesium - which can be easily added
2) allergy to capsule contents - oil, additives (powder does not appear to cause any reaction)
3) allergy to the tiny amount of D3 itself (allergy to wool) ( alternate: D3 made from plants )
Objective
This study was performed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co- supplementation on glucose metabolism and lipid concentrations in gestational diabetes (GDM) patients.
Methods
This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was done among 140 GDM patients. Participants were randomly divided into four groups to receive:
- 1) 1000 mg omega-3 fatty acids containing 360 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 240 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) twice a day+ vitamin D placebo (n=35);
- 2) 50,000 IU vitamin D every 2 weeks+ omega-3 fatty acids placebo (n=35);
- 3) 50,000 IU vitamin D every 2 weeks+1000 mg omega-3 fatty acids twice a day (n=35) and
- 4) vitamin D placebo+omega-3 fatty acids placebo (n=35) for 6 weeks.
Results
After 6 weeks of intervention, patients who received combined vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids supplements compared with vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids and placebo had significantly decreased
- fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (-7.3±7.8, -6.9±6.6, -4.0±2.5 and +1.0±11.4 mg/dL, respectively, P<0.001),
- serum insulin levels (-1.9±1.9, -1.3±6.3, -0.4±6.3 and +2.6±6.5 μIU/mL, respectively, P=0.005),
- homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (-0.7±0.6, -0.5±1.4, -0.2±1.5 and +0.6±1.5, respectively, P<0.001)
- increased quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (+0.01±0.01, +0.008±0.02, +0.002±0.02 and -0.005±0.02, respectively, P=0.001). In addition, changes in
- serum triglycerides (-8.2±41.0, +7.6±31.5, +3.6±29.9 and +20.1±29.6 mg/dL, respectively, P=0.006) and
- VLDL-cholesterol (-1.6±8.2, +1.5±6.3, +0.8±6.0 and +4.0±5.9 mg/dL, respectively, P=0.006) in the vitamin D plus omega-3 fatty acids group were significantly different from the changes in these indicators in the vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids and placebo groups.
Conclusion
Overall, vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation for 6 weeks among GDM patients had beneficial effects on FPG, serum insulin levels, HOMA-IR, QUICKI, serum triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol levels.
Publisher wants $36 for the PDF
The effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes - Dec 2017
It appears the same RCT was re-published with free PDF later in 2017
Nutrition & Metabolism201714:80, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-017-0236-9. Dec 2017
Maryamalsadat Razavi, Mehri Jamilian, Mansooreh Samimi, Faraneh Afshar Ebrahimi, Mohsen Taghizadeh, Reza Bekhradi, Elahe Seyed Hosseini, Hamed Haddad Kashani, Maryam Karamali and Zatollah Asemi
Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
Nice outcome trends for this short small study
Anticipate that a long study with more mothers would get many statistically significant results
Background
This study was carried out to determine the effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co- supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes (GDM) patients.
METHODS:
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 120 GDM women.
Participants were randomly divided into four groups to receive:
- 1) 1000 mg omega-3 fatty acids containing 180 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 120 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) twice a day + vitamin D placebo (n = 30);
- 2) 50,000 IU vitamin D every 2 weeks + omega-3 fatty acids placebo (n = 30);
- 3) 50,000 IU vitamin D every 2 weeks + 1000 mg omega-3 fatty acids twice a day (n = 30) and
- 4) vitamin D placebo + omega-3 fatty acids placebo (n = 30) for 6 weeks.
Results
Subjects who received vitamin D plus omega-3 fatty acids supplements compared with vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids and placebo had significantly decreased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (−2.0 ± 3.3 vs. -0.8 ± 4.4, −1.3 ± 2.4 and +0.9 ± 2.7 mg/L, respectively, P = 0.008), malondialdehyde (−0.5 ± 0.5 vs. −0.2 ± 0.5, −0.3 ± 0.9 and +0.5 ± 1.4 μmol/L, respectively, P < 0.001), and increased total antioxidant capacity (+92.1 ± 70.1 vs. +55.1 ± 123.6, +88.4 ± 95.2 and +1.0 ± 90.8 mmol/L, respectively, P = 0.001) and glutathione (+95.7 ± 86.7 vs. +23.0 ± 62.3, +30.0 ± 66.5 and −7.8 ± 126.5 μmol/L, respectively, P = 0.001). In addition, vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation, compared with vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids and placebo, resulted in lower incidences of newborns’ hyperbilirubinemiain (P = 0.037) and newborns’ hospitalization (P = 0.037).
Conclusion
Overall, vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation for 6 weeks among GDM women had beneficial effects on some biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes.