Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation affects pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Public Health Nutrition / Volume 19 / Issue 01 / January 2016, pp 156-163 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980015000609
Maryam Karamalia1, Zatollah Asemia 2 c1, Maedeh Ahmadi-Dastjerdia 1 and Ahmad Esmaillzadeh a3a4
a1 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Islamic Republic of Iran
a2 Department of Nutrition, Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
a3 Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
a4 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
Objective The present study was designed to assess the effects of Ca+vitamin D supplementation on pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Design A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among sixty women with GDM. Participants were divided into two groups to receive Ca+vitamin D supplements or placebo. Individuals in the Ca+vitamin D group (n 30) received 1000 mg Ca/d and two pearls containing 1250 µg (50 000 IU) of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) during the intervention (one at study baseline and another at day 21 of the intervention); those in the placebo group (n 30) received two placebos of vitamin D at the mentioned times and placebos of Ca every day for 6 weeks. Pregnancy outcomes were determined.
Setting A urban community setting in Arak, Iran.
Subjects Sixty women with GDM and their newborns, living in Arak, Iran were enrolled.
Results Women treated with Ca+vitamin D had a significant decrease in
- caesarean section rate (23·3 % v. 63·3 %, P=0·002) and
- maternal hospitalization (0 v. 13·3 %, P=0·03)
compared with those receiving placebo.
In addition, newborns of GDM women randomized to Ca+vitamin D had no case of macrosomia, while the prevalence of macrosomia among those randomized to placebo was 13·3 % (P=0·03).
Lower rates of hyperbilirubinaemia (20·0 % v. 56·7 %, P=0·03) and hospitalization (20·0 % v. 56·7 %, P=0·03) were also seen in the supplemented group of newborns than in the placebo group.
Conclusions Ca+vitamin D supplementation for 6 weeks among pregnant women with GDM led to decreased caesarean section rate and maternal hospitalization, and decreased macrosomia, hyperbilirubinaemia and hospitalization in newborns.
See also VitaminDWiki
This was previously published as Gestational Diabetes reduced with 50,000 IU of vitamin D every 3 weeks and daily Calcium – RCT June 2014
Pages listed in BOTH the categories Diabetes and Pregnancy
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