Vitamin D supplementation protocols: loading, injection, etc – RCT June 2014

Study Of Various Vitamin D3 Supplementation Protocols That Are Used In Community Practice For Treatment Of Hypovitaminosis D

Endo 2014 - Chicago: Poster Board, Session: SAT 0229-0266-Vitamin D Metabolism & Action
Pratibha Shahajirao Pawal, M.D, DM Endocrinology
T. N. Medical College & B.Y.L. Nair hospital, Mumbai, Mumbai
Pawal PS,Joshi AS,Lathia T,Mittal S,Sharma BR,Dalwadi PP,Bhagwat NM, Chadha MD, Varthakavi PK.

Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D is widely prevalent in India (70-90%). Different dosing protocols have been used for Vitamin D(VITD) supplementation; however there is no universally accepted regimen.

Objectives: Comparison of serial VITD concentrations attained with various VITD supplementation protocols in VITD deficient subjects.

Methods: 242 subjects were screened. 105 consenting subjects( age 20-60 years) with Hypovitaminosis D(VITD <16ng/ml) participated in the study and were randomized to receive 4 different supplemental regimens i.e. single dose 6lacIU orally, single dose 6lacIU intramuscular, 60000IU once weekly for 8 weeks and 2000IU daily for 8 weeks.

Outcome measures: Primary outcome measure was the serial serum VITD concentration attained. VITD, Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase were monitored at baseline, 1,3,6,8 & 12 weeks of therapy.

Results: 66.5% subjects were found to be vitamin D deficient (<20ng/ml). Baseline VITD concentrations for Oral, IM, Weekly and Daily groups were 10.6±3.7; 9.7±4.5; 8.9±4.4 and 10.2±4.3 ng /ml respectively. VITD concentrations increased significantly in all groups at 3 weeks(P <0.001).
After 8 weeks, VITD concentrations for Oral, IM, Weekly and Daily groups were 34.6±9.4; 40.6±15.1 ; 40.2±13.9 and 24.7±7.7ng/ml respectively. VITD concentration decreased from 8 weeks to 12 weeks in all groups except in IM group which maintained steady increasing trend from 8wks to 12 wks.VITD level >100ng/ml was observed in 40% of subjects in oral group while none of other groups showed VITD >100ng/ml at all time points. All groups were compared with mean percentage increment in VITD concentration at different time points. Serum intact PTH was increased in only in 40% of subjects with VITD <16 ng/ml.

Conclusions:

• Only IM mega dose group showed sustained increment of VITD concentration at 12 weeks without VITD toxicity or hypercalcaemia.
• Only oral group had VITD levels >100 ng/ml(40%) without clinical manifestations of hypervitaminosisD .
• Oral loading dose is adequate for maintaining VITD sufficiency only for duration of 3 months & need for resupplementation at 3 monthly interval.
• Weekly group also showed decline in VITD sufficiency at 12 weeks indicates need for retesting and supplementation.
• 2000IU daily is not adequate to achieve sufficiency in VITD deficient subjects.

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Summary by VitaminDWiki

Dose	8 weeks (end of dosing)	12 weeks
600,000 IU oral	35 ng
600,000 IU injection	40 ng	40% > 100 ng
60,000 IU weekly	40 ng	declined by 12 weeks
2,000 IU daily	25 ng

See also VitaminDWiki

• Vitamin D loading doses of up to 400,000 IU OK for adolescents – meta-analysis Dec 2014
• Review of Vitamin D (including free, frequency, injection, how much.) – Sept 2013
• 600,000 vitamin D loading doses – good response to both oral and muscular – Oct 2015
• Injection category listing has 64 items along with related searches

VitaminDWiki pages in both categories Loading and Injection

Overview Loading of vitamin D contains the following

Loading dose: 206 studies at VitaminDWiki

Vitamin D loading dose (stoss therapy) proven to improve health overview
If a person is or is suspected to be, very vitamin D deficient a loading dose should be given

• Loading = restore = quick replacement by 1 or more doses
• Loading doses range in total size from 100,000 IU to 1,000,000 IU of Vitamin D3
  • = 2.5 to 25 milligrams
• The size of the loading dose is a function of body weight - see below
  • Unfortunately, some doctors persist in using Vitamin D2 instead of D3
• Loading may be done as quickly as a single day (Stoss), to as slowly as 3 months.
  • It appears that spreading the loading dose over 4+ days is slightly better if speed is not essential
• Loading is typically oral, but can be Injection (I.M,) and Topical
• Loading dose is ~3X faster if done topically or swished inside of the mouth
  • Skips the slow process of stomach and intestine, and might even skip liver and Kidney as well
• The loading dose persists in the body for 1 - 3 months
  • The loading dose should be followed up with on-going maintenance dosing
  • Unfortunately, many doctors fail to follow-up with the maintenance dosing.
• About 1 in 300 people have some form of a mild allergic reaction to vitamin D supplements, including loading doses
  • it appears prudent to test with a small amount of vitamin D before giving a loading dose
  • The causes of a mild allergic reaction appear to be: (in order of occurrence)
  • 1) lack of magnesium - which can be easily added
  • 2) allergy to capsule contents - oil, additives (powder does not appear to cause any reaction)
  • 3) allergy to the tiny amount of D3 itself (allergy to wool) ( alternate: D3 made from plants )
  • 4) allergy of the gut to Vitamin D - alternative = topical