BMC Public Health. 2021 Oct 9;21(1):1823. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11888-1.
Mahbubul H Siddiqee # 1 2, Badhan Bhattacharjee # 3 4, Umme Ruman Siddiqi 5, Mohammad MeshbahurRahman 6
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
Background: Vitamin-D deficiency is linked to a wide range of chronic and infectious diseases. Body of literature suggested that the prevalence of this deficiency can have geographical variation. Although vitamin D deficiency is frequently reported in the South Asian population, the scarcity of systematic reviews and meta-analysis means the true extent of the disease and the underlying factors causing it are poorly characterized.
Methods: A systematic search was performed using two databases (PubMed and Scopus) and one search engine (Google Scholar) for original studies on the South Asian population (published from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2019). Following the search, a random effect meta-analysis was performed to calculate population-level weighted average, the pooled prevalence of deficiency, and heterogeneity of vitamin D among different countries and genders; in addition to South Asia as a whole.
Results: Our study, based on our selection criteria was narrowed down to a total of 44,717 participants; which spanned over 65 studies from five South Asian countries. Overall, the pooled prevalence of deficiency was 68% [95% CI: 64 to 72%] with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 98%; p = 0.00). The average level of vitamin D ranged from 4.7 to 32 ng/mL, with a weighted mean of 19.15 ng/mL (weighted standard deviation 11.59 ng/mL). The highest prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was found in
- Pakistan (73%;95% CI: 63 to 83%) followed by
- Bangladesh (67%; 95% CI: 50 to 83%),
- India (67%; 95% CI: 61 to 73%),
- Nepal (57%; 95% CI: 53 to 60%) and
- Sri Lanka (48%; 95% CI: 41 to 55%), respectively.
This finding indicated a high degree of heterogeneity among the population. (I2 = 98.76%), Furthermore, a gender-wise analysis suggested that in South Asia, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was higher in females than males.
Conclusion: Our findings reveal highly prevalent and variable vitamin D deficiency among the adults of different South Asian countries. Findings from this review would be helpful to generate hypotheses and explore the factors affecting the inter-country
VitaminDWiki
- Need 1 hour of noon sun to get Hijab women to 20 ng of Vitamin D (cloth) – June 2019
- Vitamin D levels in 56 countries (many have less than 20 ng) – 2021
- Deficiency of Vitamin D category listing has
462 |
items
VitaminDWiki pages containing INDIA in title (48 as of March 2022)
This list is automatically updated
Items found: 53
Title |
|
Modified |
Increased vitamin D might decrease air pollution health problems (Pregnant women in India in this case) – June 2024 |
|
05 Jul, 2024 |
Rheumatoid Arthritis score extrapolates to zero at 51 ng of Vitamin D (India) – June 2024 |
|
05 Jul, 2024 |
Hay fever and autism 2X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor (children in India) - Jan 2024 |
|
15 Mar, 2024 |
4.4 X more likely to have a preterm birth if low vitamin D while pregnant (India) - May 2022 |
|
01 Nov, 2023 |
Consensus: 60,000 IU of Vitamin D weekly for 2-6 months can fight COVID, etc, – India April 2022 |
|
13 Oct, 2023 |
Increase in non-COVID deaths (ages 18-64) in Indiana, India, etc. - Jan 5, 2022 |
|
06 Jan, 2022 |
More people with Chronic Kidney Disease are now getting Vitamin D prescriptions (India) – Sept 2021 |
|
05 Sep, 2021 |
India raises RDAs - Vitamin D will be a measely 600 IU - July 2021 |
|
31 Jul, 2021 |
COVID-21 (COVID-19 with mutations) causing increased pregnancy problems in Brazil and India – May 2021 |
|
27 May, 2021 |
COVID-19 has hit populist-lead countries hard (India, Brazil, US, UK, Mexico) – May 2021 |
|
09 May, 2021 |
COVID-19 protocol proposed in India includes Vitamin D - Nov 12, 2020 |
|
05 Dec, 2020 |
60,000 IU dose of VItamin D (weekly, monthly) is popular in India |
|
17 Nov, 2020 |
Vitamin-D: An Immune Shield Against COVID-19 – India May 21, 2020 |
|
22 May, 2020 |
Vitamin D levels from lowest to highest: Middle East, China. India, S EU. N EU – Dec 2019 |
|
14 Mar, 2020 |
Children in India – 1 in 7 extremely low Vitamin D, 1 in 10 prediabetic – Sept 2019 |
|
10 Oct, 2019 |
Low Vitamin D and Calcium in India – Aug 2019 |
|
09 Aug, 2019 |
Children need 2000 IU of Vitamin D (India) - RCT May 2019 |
|
19 May, 2019 |
Vitamin D level of outdoor workers in India was only 18 ng– May 2019 |
|
16 May, 2019 |
All preteen aged girls in India taking 2,000 IU of vitamin D got levels above 20 ng – RCT Nov 2018 |
|
08 Mar, 2019 |
India wants to cure Vitamin D Deficiency, unfortunately by fortifying with D2 not D3 – Jan 2019 |
|
16 Jan, 2019 |
2,000 IU of Vitamin D raised all girls to above 20 ng (India) – RCT Nov 2018 |
|
28 Dec, 2018 |
International Conference of Vitamin D Fortification of Food (India) – Sept 2018 |
|
02 Aug, 2018 |
Each hour of outdoor work in India increased vitamin D levels by 2 nanograms – March 2017 |
|
18 May, 2017 |
Vitamin D fortification of edible oils in India starting in 2017 |
|
26 Mar, 2017 |
Preterm labor 20 times more likely if low vitamin D, etc. (India) – Feb 2017 |
|
08 Mar, 2017 |
Why India's vitamin D deficiency is grim - 40 pages Feb 2014 |
|
07 Mar, 2017 |
Type II Diabetes in children in India increased 4 X in 20 years – Nov 2016 |
|
22 Dec, 2016 |
Diabetes (Type II) in youths in India now 4 times more likely than 20 years ago (Vit D not mentioned) – Nov 2016 |
|
22 Nov, 2016 |
Increasing number of people admitted to a hospital in India have very high vitamin D – Oct 2016 |
|
07 Oct, 2016 |
1 in 6 critically ill in India have high levels of vitamin D (100 ng) – March 2015 |
|
07 Oct, 2016 |
Vitamin D publications increasing around the world – emphasis on India – Oct 2016 |
|
10 Sep, 2016 |
Farmers in India have 2.5 times higher vitamin D than office workers – 2016 |
|
20 Aug, 2016 |
Vitamin D deficiency a big problem in Pakistan, similar to India – July 2016 |
|
10 Jul, 2016 |
Universal pregnancy vitamin D supplementation for a hospital in India – study stopped after 1 month – April 2016 |
|
07 Apr, 2016 |
Improved births with 2,000 IU vitamin D during pregnancy in India - RCT Feb 2015 |
|
12 Nov, 2015 |
Diabetic glycation control is inversely related to Vitamin D in India – Feb 2015 |
|
22 Apr, 2015 |
Vitamin D fortification of foods, cosmetics, by mfg and at home (India) - Sept 2014 |
|
20 Mar, 2015 |
80 percent of young adults had low vitamin D tests in Mumbai India - 2011 |
|
03 Dec, 2014 |
Vitamin D sachets in India – fewer than a third had the stated amount – Nov 2013 |
|
31 Aug, 2014 |
Children in India – vitamin D guidelines similar to IoM – July 2013 |
|
19 Mar, 2014 |
Rickets in 30 percent of infants in India who had low vitamin D – March 2011 |
|
22 Feb, 2014 |
20 percent of Critically ill in India had undetectable vitamin D, and 62 percent died – Jan 2013 |
|
22 Feb, 2014 |
Mothers and infants in India have very low levels of vitamin D – April 2012 |
|
12 Nov, 2013 |
Girls in India much faster when given Vitamin D, Ca, Zn, multi. – RCT Oct 2013 |
|
01 Nov, 2013 |
Girls in India grew much faster when given Vitamin D, Ca, Zn, multi. – RCT Oct 2013 |
|
24 Oct, 2013 |
Breast cancer increasing in India (perhaps due to lowering vitamin D) – Oct 2013 |
|
20 Oct, 2013 |
Virtually every gynaecologist in India is vitamin D deficient – Feb 2013 |
|
04 Feb, 2013 |
76 percent of young adults in western India had less than 20 ng of vitamin D – Aug 2011 |
|
04 Feb, 2013 |
Almost all newborns in India have less than 20 ng of vitamin D – Nov 2012 |
|
10 Dec, 2012 |
Hip fractures in India - editorial with recommendation - Sept 2010 |
|
06 Jul, 2012 |
Majority of infant seizures in India due to lack of vitamin D - July 2010 |
|
25 Jun, 2012 |
Low BMD among teaching doctors in India - July 2010 |
|
09 Jul, 2010 |
A plea for vitamin D food fortification in India - May 2010 |
|
05 May, 2010 |
VitaminDWiki pages containing PAKISTAN in title (6 as of Oct 2021)
This list is automatically updated
Items found: 9
Title |
|
Modified |
All children with Chronic Kidney Disease had low Vitamin D (Pakistan hospital) Jan 2023 |
|
06 Feb, 2023 |
Vitamin D helps some child health problems in Pakistan – May 2022 |
|
07 May, 2022 |
Vitamin D in Pakistan: 105,000 tested, of the 300 with more than 150 ng, no problems - Jan 2022 |
|
27 Jan, 2022 |
Doctors not consistent on prescribing Vitamin D (Pakistan in this case) July 2018 |
|
12 Jul, 2018 |
Weak bones (Osteopenia) in 93 percent of women in Pakistan attending University and wearing Islamic clothes – March 2017 |
|
18 Mar, 2017 |
Vitamin D deficiency a big problem in Pakistan, similar to India – July 2016 |
|
10 Jul, 2016 |
Vitamin D deficiency 4X more likely if illiterate or have bone pain – Lahore Pakistan – Oct 2015 |
|
09 Jul, 2016 |
Medical students in Pakistan – 1 in 3 aware than sun creates Vitamin D, 1 in 12 get noon sun – Jan 2015 |
|
01 Mar, 2015 |
TB associated with low level of vitamin D in Pakistan - July 2010 |
|
29 Jul, 2010 |
Need much more than 20 ng