Bidirectional link between diabetes mellitus and coronavirus disease 2019 leading to cardiovascular disease: A narrative review
World J Diabetes. 2021 Mar 15;12(3):215-237. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i3.215.
Vijay Viswanathan 1, Anudeep Puvvula 2, Ankush D Jamthikar 3, Luca Saba 4, Amer M Johri 5, Vasilios Kotsis 6, Narendra N Khanna 7, Surinder K Dhanjil 8, Misha Majhail 9, Durga Prasanna Misra 10, Vikas Agarwal 11, George D Kitas 12, Aditya M Sharma 13, Raghu Kolluri 14, Subbaram Naidu 15, Jasjit S Suri 16 jasjit.suri at atheropoint.com
VitaminDWiki Items in both categories Diabetes and Virus:
- T1 Diabetes increased by 27% by second year of COVID – meta-analysis June 2023
- Diabetes 3X more likely if had COVID ICU (VDR was deactivated) - April 2023
- Active vitamin D is related to COVID and Diabetes in 15 ways – Dec 2022
- T1 Diabetic adults 5X more likely to get COVID (hint low vitamin D)– Nov 2022
- Vitamin D separately helps X or COVID, should help X with COVID (example: diabetes) – March 2022
- COVID-19 hospitalizations: 63% associated with diabetes, obesity, hypertension or heart failure – Feb 2021
- Diabetes has many bidirectional links with COVID-19 – March 2021
- 26 health factors increase the risk of COVID-19 – all are proxies for low vitamin D
- Excessive insulin decreases vitamin D in 4 ways – problems for diabetic COVID-19 – Dec 2020
- Hyperglycemic 2X more likely to have severe COVID-19 - Nov 2020
- Diabetes increases COVID-19 severity and COVID-19 creates Diabetes - Oct 2020
- COVID-19 deaths 4 to 7 X more likely if Diabetic, Hypertensive, or CVD - meta-analysis March 2020
Overview Diabetes and vitamin D contains the following
- Diabetes is 5X more frequent far from the equator
- Children getting 2,000 IU of vitamin D are 8X less likely to get Type 1 diabetes
- Obese people get less sun / Vitamin D - and also vitamin D gets lost in fat
- Sedentary people get less sun / Vitamin D
- Worldwide Diabetes increase has been concurrent with vitamin D decrease and air conditioning
- Elderly get 4X less vitamin D from the same amount of sun
Elderly also spend less time outdoors and have more clothes on - All items in category Diabetes and Vitamin D
545 items: both Type 1 and Type 2 Vitamin D appears to both prevent and treat diabetes
- Appears that >2,000 IU will Prevent
- Appears that >4,000 IU will Treat , but not cure
- 90% less T2 Diabetes in the group having lots of Vitamin D
- Appears that Magnesium helps both Prevention and Treatment
- Many diabetics would be better treated if Gut-Friendly Vitamin D were used
Number of articles in both categories of Diabetes and:
- Dark Skin
24 ; Intervention 56 ; Meta-analysis 38 ; Obesity 35 ; Pregnancy 44 ; T1 (child) 39 ; Omega-3 11 ; Vitamin D Receptor 24 ; Genetics 13 ; Magnesium 29 Click here to see details Some Diabetes studies
- Take Vitamin D to prevent prediabetes from progressing into diabetes – American Diabetic Association – 2024
- 99.7% of people who got Diabetes had been regularly consuming food emulsifiers - May 2024
- Type 2 Diabetes treated by Vitamin D (often 50,000 IU weekly) – meta-analysis July 2023
- Diabetic inflammation synergistically decreased by Vitamin D and exercise – RCT June 2022
- Incidence of Type-2 Diabetes increased 3X in 30 years (by the way, Vitamin D helps) – July 2022
- Vitamin d treats Type II Diabetes in many ways (14 article review) - Sept 2021
- T2 Diabetes 30 percent more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis of 47 studies – July 2021
50 ng of Vitamin D fights Diabetes
- Saudi study defines normal Vitamin D level to be 50 to 70 ng (diabetes, etc.) - June 2020
- Diabetes 5X less likely if more than 50 ng of Vitamin D – April 2018
T1 Diabetes
- T1 Diabetes 3X lower risk if high vitamin D (over 40 ng) – Meta-analysis Nov 2020
- Type 1 Diabetes is prevented and treated by Vitamin D – review of 16 studies – Sept 2019
- Type 1 Diabetes prevention with Vitamin D and Omega-3 – Symposium April 2019
Pre-Diabetes
- 4X reduction in prediabetes progressing to T2D if more than 50 ng of vitamin D – RCT March 2023
- Prediabetes reduced by weekly 60,000 IU of Vitamin D – RCT Jan 2021
- Prediabetes 1.5 X more likely to go away if take Vitamin D – meta-analysis July 2020
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Magnesium - many studies
COVID-19 treated by Vitamin D - studies, reports, videos
As of March 31, 2024, the VitaminDWiki COVID page had: trial results, meta-analyses and reviews, Mortality studies see related: Governments, HealthProblems, Hospitals, Dark Skins, All 26 COVID risk factors are associated with low Vit D, Fight COVID-19 with 50K Vit D weekly Vaccines Take lots of Vitamin D at first signs of COVID 166 COVID Clinical Trials using Vitamin D (Aug 2023) Prevent a COVID death: 9 dollars of Vitamin D or 900,000 dollars of vaccine - Aug 2023
5 most-recently changed Virus entries
26 health factors increase the risk of COVID-19 – all are proxies for low vitamin D
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Sometimes A health problem will cause a Vitamin D deficiency Sometimes A Vitamin D deficiency will cause another health problem Always Stop a vitamin D deficiency to avoid getting additional health problems
This concept and study is discussed at Grassroots Health March 29. 2021
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic where several comorbidities have been shown to have a significant effect on mortality. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher mortality rate than non-DM patients if they get COVID-19. Recent studies have indicated that patients with a history of diabetes can increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Additionally, patients without any history of diabetes can acquire new-onset DM when infected with COVID-19. Thus, there is a need to explore the bidirectional link between these two conditions, confirming the vicious loop between "DM/COVID-19".
This narrative review presents- (1) the bidirectional association between the DM and COVID-19,
- (2) the manifestations of the DM/COVID-19 loop leading to cardiovascular disease,
- (3) an understanding of primary and secondary factors that influence mortality due to the DM/COVID-19 loop,
- (4) the role of vitamin-D in DM patients during COVID-19, and finally,
- (5) the monitoring tools for tracking atherosclerosis burden in DM patients during COVID-19 and "COVID-triggered DM" patients.
We conclude that the bidirectional nature of DM/COVID-19 causes acceleration towards cardiovascular events. Due to this alarming condition, early monitoring of atherosclerotic burden is required in "Diabetes patients during COVID-19" or "new-onset Diabetes triggered by COVID-19 in Non-Diabetes patients".
Diabetes has many bidirectional links with COVID-19 – March 20215405 visitors, last modified 30 Mar, 2021, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category)Attached files
ID Name Uploaded Size Downloads 15348 bidirectional 2.jpg admin 30 Mar, 2021 212.54 Kb 352 15347 bidirectional links.jpg admin 30 Mar, 2021 223.24 Kb 451 15346 Bidirectional_link_between_diabetes_mellitus_and_c_compressed.pdf admin 30 Mar, 2021 626.84 Kb 324