BJPsych Open. 2017 Apr 10;3(2):85-90. doi: 10.1192/bjpo.bp.116.004077. eCollection 2017.
Gestational vitamin D deficiency and autism spectrum disorder.
4334 singleton pregnancies of white European women
| ASD | Not ASD | |
| Deficient | 0.24% | 0.16% |
| Insufficient | 0.21% | 0.26% |
| Sufficient | 0.55% | 0.58% |
| Total | 62 | 3895 |
- Autism rate in siblings reduced 4X by vitamin D: 5,000 IU during pregnancy, 1,000 IU to infants – Feb 2016
- Autism associated with low vitamin D during pregnancy – Nov 2016
The items in both Autism and Pregnancy are listed here:
- 24% lower risk of Autism for every 4 ng higher level of vitamin D during pregnancy – Feb 2024
- Autism risk if toxins, heavy metals, microplastics, etc during pregnancy (unless add Vitamin D) – Feb 2024
- Autism reduced 24% for each 4 ng more Vitamin D while pregnant ( ADHD 12%) – Feb 2024
- Low maternal Vitamin D results in larger portion of brain associated with autism – Jan 2020
- Autism risk increased 30 percent by Cesareans (both low vitamin D) – meta-analysis Sept 2019
- Autism risk reduced 2X by prenatal vitamins (Vitamin D or Folic) – Feb 2019
- Conception in winter increases rate of Autism, learning disabilities, dyslexia – Oct 2016
- Autism associated with low Zinc during pregnancy (Zinc is needed by Vitamin D Receptor) – July 2018
- Maternal Diabetes and Risk of Autism in Offspring – JAMA June 2018
- Hypothesis: male autism risk increased if placental virus and low vitamin D – Feb 2018
- Women who had supplemented with any vitamins were 6 X less likely to have autistic offspring – Jan 2018
- A good Vitamin D Receptor (or perhaps more vitamin D) protects against lead during pregnancy
- Autism rate cut in half when multivitamins (including vitamin D) used during pregnancy – Oct 2017
- ADHD 2 X more likely if Tylenol used a lot during pregnancy (Autism increased too) – Dec 2016
- Autistic child 2.4 X more likely if less than 10 ng of vitamin D during 2nd trimester – April 2017
- Autism risk increased by 44% if there were pregnancy and labor complications (probably low vitamin D) – Kaiser Jan 2017
- Herpes virus infection while pregnant increases Autism risk by 2 X (Vitamin D not mentioned) – Feb 2017
- Autism associated with low vitamin D during pregnancy – Nov 2016
- Autism 2.1 times more likely if obese and PCOS (relationships to vitamin D not mentioned) Oct 2016
- Autism 17 times more likely with excessive Folic Acid and B-12 (now added to bread) – May 2016
- Autism with intellectual disability 2.5 times more likely if low vitamin D during pregnancy – April 2016
- Autism risk increased if short time between pregnancies (no surprise) – April 2016
- Autism rate in siblings reduced 4X by vitamin D: 5,000 IU during pregnancy, 1,000 IU to infants – Feb 2016
- All pregnant women (in UK) should have free vitamin D – Gillie Aug 2015
- Autistic measure 5X more likely if low vitamin D in second trimester – Oct 2012
- Low vitamin D in pregnancy and 2X worse language skills later – Feb 2012
- Autism has different causes but same inflammation in brain in half of autistics – May 2011
- Hypothesis being tested: 5000 IU prevent second autistic child - May 2010
- Vitamin D Newsletter May 2010
- Autism and Vitamin D - Newsletter April 2010
Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
Vinkhuyzen AAE1, Eyles DW2, Burne THJ2, Blanken LME3, Kruithof CJ4, Verhulst F5, White T5, Jaddoe VW6, Tiemeier H7, McGrath JJ8.
1, PhD, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
2, PhD, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia.
3, MD, MSc, The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
4, MSc, The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
5, MD, PhD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
6, MD, PhD, The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
7, MD, PhD, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
8, MD, PhD, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia.
BACKGROUND:
There is growing interest in linking vitamin D deficiency with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The association between vitamin D deficiency during gestation, a critical period in neurodevelopment, and ASD is not well understood.
AIMS:
To determine the association between gestational vitamin D status and ASD.
METHOD:
Based on a birth cohort (n=4334), we examined the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), assessed from both maternal mid-gestation sera and neonatal sera, and ASD (defined by clinical records; n=68 cases).
RESULTS:
Individuals in the 25OHD-deficient group at mid-gestation had more than twofold increased risk of ASD (odds ratio (OR)=2.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09 to 5.07, P=0.03) compared with the sufficient group. The findings persisted in analyses including children of European ethnicity only.
CONCLUSIONS:
Mid-gestational vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased risk of ASD. Because gestational vitamin D deficiency is readily preventable with safe, inexpensive and readily available supplementation, this risk factor warrants closer scrutiny.
PMID: 28446959 PMCID: PMC5385921 DOI: 10.1192/bjpo.bp.116.004077