Vitamin D supplementation for women before and during pregnancy: an update of the guidelines, evidence, and role of GPs and practice nurses
Br J Gen Pract 2017; 67 (662): 423-424. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp17X692489
Catherine Hynes, Amrita Jesurasa, Patricia Evans and Caroline Mitchell
The UK study on this page recommends just 400 IU, and is behind a $36 paywall
Yes, 400 IU during pregnancy prevents rickets.
However, far more is needed: during pregnancy: at least 2,000 IU and preferably 6,000 IU
VitaminDWiki started a FREE page in 2010 with the subtitle:
Vitamin D Before, During, and After Pregnancy
Before - increase fertility and provide VIt D for early lung growth
During - see 17 reasons below
After - restore mon's level of vitamin D and provide Vit D in breast milk
A page summarizing of the benefits for mother and child was started in 2014
Most were taking 2,000 to 7,000 IU daily for >50% of pregnancy
Click on hyperlinks for details
Problem | Vit. D Reduces | Evidence |
| 0. Chance of not conceiving | 3.4 times | Observe |
| 1. Miscarriage | 2.5 times | Observe |
| 2. Pre-eclampsia | 3.6 times | RCT |
| 3. Gestational Diabetes | 3 times | RCT |
| 4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality | 3.5 times | Observe |
| 5. Premature birth | 2 times | RCT |
| 6. C-section - unplanned | 1.6 times | Observe |
| Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 | 4 times | RCT - Omega-3 |
| 7. Depression AFTER pregnancy | 1.4 times | RCT |
| 8. Small for Gestational Age | 1.6 times | meta-analysis |
| 9. Infant height, weight, head size within normal limits | RCT | |
| 10. Childhood Wheezing | 1.3 times | RCT |
| 11. Additional child is Autistic | 4 times | Intervention |
| 12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis | 1.9 times | Observe |
| 13. Preeclampsia in young adult | 3.5 times | RCT |
| 14. Good motor skills @ age 3 | 1.4 times | Observe |
| 15. Childhood Mite allergy | 5 times | RCT |
| 16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits | 2.5 times | RCT |
RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial
Pregnancy category starts with
- see also
- Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D
- Number of articles in both categories of Pregnancy and:Dark Skin
30 ; Depression 21 ; Diabetes 44 ; Obesity 17 ; Hypertension 44 ; Breathing 35 ; Omega-3 44 ; Vitamin D Receptor 24 Click here for details - All items in category Infant/Child
854 items - Pregnancy needs at least 40 ng of vitamin D, achieved by at least 4,000 IU – Hollis Aug 2017
- 38+ papers with Breastfed etc, in the title
- Call to action – more Vitamin D for pregnancies, loading doses are OK – Holick Aug 2019
- 53+ preeclampsia studies
- 94+ studies with PRETERM in the title
- Fertility problem (PCOS) reduced by vitamin D, etc: many studies 15+
- 94+ Gestational Diabetes
- Caesarean birth much more likely if low Vitamin D - many studies 15+ studies
- Post-partum depression and low Vitamin D - many studies 15+ studies
- Stillbirth reduced by Vitamin D, Zinc, Omega-3 - several studies 5+ studies
- Search VitaminDWiki for "Assisted reproduction" 33 items as of Aug 2022
- Fertility and Sperm category listing has
142 items along with related searches - (Stunting OR “low birth weight” OR LBW) 1180 items as of June 2020
- Less labor pain if higher level of vitamin D – August 2021
- Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
- Ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby - take Vitamin D before conception
INTRODUCTION
UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance (2014) advises that 10 µg vitamin D should be taken by all women throughout pregnancy, ideally starting prior to conception.1,2 However, the terminology used and practicalities of implementing this advice can be confusing, as can the role of the GP and practice nurse regarding the provision of supplementation; — particularly as their involvement in routine antenatal care is tending to diminish. This article summarises the evidence and related guidance on managing vitamin D status in pregnant women, and provides an update on the ways in which women can obtain the necessary supplements.BACKGROUND
Vitamin D is not only integral to calcium homeostasis and bone health, but it also has multiple other sites of action throughout the body, including the pancreas, skin, intestine, and immune system. In the UK, dietary sources of vitamin D are limited and account for only 10–20% of the total body store; natural sources include oily fish, egg yolk, and red meat, while fortified foods include infant and toddler formula milks, some breakfast cereals, and margarines. The majority of vitamin D is from skin synthesis following exposure to sunlight, although in the UK the necessary wavelength of ultraviolet radiation is only available between April and mid-October.1,3Most laboratories measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) as a reflection of current vitamin D stores, which equates to the levels produced cutaneously and through …
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Vitamin D before and during pregnancy – Sept 2017(Cached) Printer Friendly Follow this page for updates5818 visitors, last modified 01 Sep, 2017, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category) - All items in category Infant/Child