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Infant infection reduced by half with vitamin D supplementation – RCT May 2016

Br J Nutr. 2016 May 17:1-7. [Epub ahead of print]
Chandy DD1, Kare J2, Singh SN2, Agarwal A3, Das V3, Singh U3, Ramesh V4, Bhatia V1.
1Department of Endocrinology,Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences,Lucknow 226014,India.
2Department of Pediatrics,Queen Mary's Hospital,King George's Medical University,Lucknow 226003,India.
3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Queen Mary's Hospital,King George's Medical University,Lucknow 226003,India.
4Department of Clinical Chemistry,Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences,Lucknow 226014,India.

VitaminDWiki Summary

230 pairs for 9 months
Number of days with respiratory or diarrhoeal infection

120,000 IU
monthly mother
400 IU
daily infant
Placebo
19 days 13 days 47 days

See also VitaminDWiki

Infant-Child category starts with

Having a good level of vitamin D cuts in half the amount of:

Need even more IUs of vitamin D to get a good level if;

  • Have little vitamin D: premie, twin, mother did not get much sun access
  • Get little vitamin D: dark skin, little access to sun
  • Vitamin D is consumed faster than normal due to sickness
  • Older (need at least 100 IU/kilogram, far more if obese)
  • Not get any vitamin D from formula (breast fed) or (fortified) milk
    Note – formula does not even provide 400 IU of vitamin D daily

Infants-Children need Vitamin D

  • Sun is great – well known for 1,000’s of years.
    US govt (1934) even said infants should be out in the sun
  • One country recommended 2,000 IU daily for decades – with no known problems
  • As with adults, infants and children can have loading doses and rarely need tests
  • Daily dose appears to be best, but monthly seems OK
  • Vitamin D is typically given to infants in the form of drops
       big difference in taste between brands
       can also use water-soluable form of vitamin D in milk, food, juice,
  • Infants have evolved to get a big boost of vitamin D immediately after birth
    Colostrum has 3X more vitamin D than breast milk - provided the mother has any vitamin D to spare
  • 100 IU per kg of infant July 2011, Poland etc.
    1000 IU per 25 lbs.jpg
    More than 100 IU/kg is probably better


We assessed the effect of vitamin D supplementation on related biochemistry, infection and dentition of the infant. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted in Lucknow, India (latitude 26°N), 230 mother -newborn pairs were randomised to receive, for 9 months, 3000µg/month oral vitamin D3 by the mother (group A) or 10 µg/d by the infant (group B ) or double placebo (group C).

All babies received 15 min of sun exposure (unclothed) during massage.

Infants' median 25-hydroxyvitamin D ( 25(OH)D) was lower in group C (median 45·3; interquartile range (IQR) 22-59·5 nmol/l) than in groups A (median 60·8; IQR 41·3-80·5 nmol/l (P7.5µkat/l) was significantly more frequent in group C babies (16 %) than in group A (4 %) or group B (0 %) babies. The number of days with respiratory or diarrhoeal infection by 9 months of age was higher in group C (median 46·5; IQR 14·8-73·3 d) than in group A (median 18·5; IQR 8·8-31·0 d (P<0·01)) or group B (median 13·0; IQR 7·0-28·5 (P<0·05)). We conclude that monthly maternal or daily infant supplementation with vitamin D along with sun exposure is superior to sun exposure alone in maintaining normal infant 25(OH)D at 3·5 months, and provide protection from elevated alkaline phosphatase and infectious morbidity.
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Attached files

ID Name Comment Uploaded Size Downloads
20206 Breast and oral RCT.pdf admin 09 Oct, 2023 291.19 Kb 66