- Vitamin D-fortified bread is as effective as supplement in improving vitamin D status: a randomized clinical trial.
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Vitamin D-fortified bread is as effective as supplement in improving vitamin D status: a randomized clinical trial.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Apr 26:jc20161631
Nikooyeh B1, Neyestani TR1, Zahedirad M1, Mohammadi M2, Hedayat Hosseini S3, Abdollahi Z4, Salehi F4, Mirzay Razaz J5, Shariatzadeh N1, Kalayi A1, Lotfollahi N1, Maleki MR1.VitaminDWiki Summary1000 IU in bread (FP) 1000 IU supplement (SP) Vitamin D changes +16 ng +12 ng IPTH -13% -14% Visceral fat -1% -1% LCL-C -10 mg/L -7 mg/dL
not significantSerum HDL +10 mg/dL +6 ng/dL  Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
CONTEXT: Bread can potentially be a suitable vehicle for fortification with vitamin D.OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to evaluate (1) bioavailability of vitamin D from the fortified Iranian bread, and (2) the possible effects of daily consumption of the fortified bread on certain health aspects.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial conducted over 8 weeks in 90 healthy subjects aged 20-60 yr.
INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 groups:
- (a) fortified bread (FP; 50 g bread fortified with 25μg vitamin D3 plus placebo daily; n1 = 30);
- (b) supplement (SP; 50 g plain bread plus 25μg vitamin D supplement daily; n2 = 30); and
- (c) control (CP; 50 g plain bread plus placebo daily; n3 =30).
OUTCOME:Measures: Initial and final anthropometric and biochemical assessments were performed.
RESULTS: The within-group changes of serum 25(OH)D concentrations were 39.0±22.6 (p<0.001), 28.9±31.2 (p<0.001) and -9.2±12.3 nmol/L in the FP, SP and CP groups, respectively. Only in FP and SP groups, serum iPTH concentrations decreased approximately 13.5% and 14.5%, respectively. Visceral fat also showed a significant decrement in FP (-1.05±1.4%; p=<0.001) and SP (-0.96±1.7%; p=0.006). Serum LDL-C concentration showed a within-group reduction in FP (-10.4±11.2 mg/dL; p <0.001) and an insignificant decrement in SP (-6.6±20.2 mg/dL; p=0.083). Serum HDL increased in both vitamin D supplemented groups (FP: 9.7±7.6 vs. SP: 5.7±6.7 mg/dL; p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: Vitamin D-fortified bread could be a potentially effective in raising circulating 25(OH)D of the population to nearly adequate levels.
See also VitaminDWiki
- Note: similar number of people avoid bread (gluten free) as avoid milk (lactose intolerant)
- Cooking reduces vitamin D content by about 30 percent – Oct 2013
- Can fortify food with 1000 IU of vitamin D - Italy, March 2013
- FDA raises the amount of vitamin D2 fortification in bread – Aug 2012
- Unfortunately D2 is not nearly as good as D3
VitaminDWiki - Bread Fortification
VitaminDWiki Fortification pages with BREAD in title
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Vitamin D3 fortified bread better than 1,000 IU supplement – RCT April 2016839 visitors, last modified 01 Sep, 2023, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category)
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