Association between low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and depression in a large sample of healthy adults: the Cooper Center longitudinal study.

Mayo Clin Proc. 2011 Nov;86(11):1050-5.
Hoang MT, Defina LF, Willis BL, Leonard DS, Weiner MF, Brown ES.
Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390-8849, USA.

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the association between serum vitamin D levels and depression in a large database of patients from the Cooper Clinic.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 12,594 participants seen at the Cooper Clinic from November 27, 2006, to October 4, 2010. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was analyzed, and depression was defined as a Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score of 10 or more. Those with and those without a history of depression represented 2 distinct populations with respect to CES-D scores; accordingly, they were analyzed separately.

RESULTS:
In the total sample, higher vitamin D levels were associated with a significantly decreased risk [odds ratio, 0.92 (95% confidence interval, 0.87-0.97)] of current depression based on CES-D scores. The finding was stronger in those with a prior history of depression odds ratio, 0.90 (95% confidence interval, 0.82-0.98) and not significant in those without a history of depression [odds ratio, 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.89-1.02)].

CONCLUSION:
We found that low vitamin D levels are associated with depressive symptoms, especially in persons with a history of depression.
These findings suggest that primary care patients with a history of depression may be an important target for assessment of vitamin D levels.

PMID: 22033249

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See also VitaminDWiki

• All items in category Winter Blues/Depression and Vitamin D 268 items
• Depression 40 percent more likely if low vitamin D – Oct 2011
• 36 % less depression when have high level of vitamin D – July 2011
• Depressed people had less than 10 ng of vitamin D – July 2010
• Teens no longer depressed after vitamin D raised to 36 ng – Feb 2012
• Much less depression if more than 43 ng of vitamin D – Oct 2012