Cardiovascular Disease is treated by Vitamin D - many studies

Major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) 1.9 X more likely if low vitamin D - Meta-analysis June 2022

Hypovitaminosis D and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
IJC Heart & Vasculature Volume 40, June 2022, 101019 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcha.2022.101019
Vikash Jaiswala, Angela Ishakb, Song Peng Angc, Nishan Babu Pokhreld, Nishat Shamae, Kriti Lnuf,*> Jeffy Susan Vargheseg, Tatyana Storozhenko h, Jia Ee Chiac, Sidra Nazi, Prachi Sharmaj, Akash Jaiswalk
a AMA School of Medicine, Makati, Philippines
b European University Cyprus, School of Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
c School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
d Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal
e Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh f Department of Internal Medicine, UPMC Harrisburg, PA, USA
g Department of Cardiology, St. John’s Medical College, Bangalore, India
h Government Institution “L.T. Malaya Therapy National Institute NAMSU”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
i BIDMC, Harvard Medical School, USA
j Department of Cardiology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India
k Department of Geriatric Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India

Highlights

  • Vitamin D deficiency can not only affect bones but have association with cardiovascular effects.
  • The likelihood of unfavorable cardiovascular outcomes, especially major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), new MI, and all-cause mortality among deficient vitamin D patient is poorly understood.
  • This is a first and most comprehensive meta-analysis with the largest sample size thus far comparing vitamin D levels in terms of cardiovascular outcomes.
  • High risk patients need to monitor vitamins level and implement vitamins supplementation to avoid adverse outcomes especially elder females.

Background
The relation between blood vitamin D levels and the risk of cardiovascular outcomes is debatable. To our knowledge this is the first comparative meta-analysis of more than 100,000 patients’ data with the aim to inspect the relevance of low vitamin D levels with adverse cardiovascular events.

Methods
Online databases including PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central were queried to compare the cardiovascular outcomes among hypovitaminosis D (HVD) and control group. The outcomes assessed included differences in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), mortality, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Unadjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated using a random-effect model with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and P less than 0.05 as a statistical significance.

Results
A total of 8 studies including 426,039 patients were included in this analysis. HVD group was associated with a
higher incidence of MACE (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.98, p = 0.003),
while there was no significant association of

  • HVD and all-cause mortality (OR 1.77, 95% CI 0.75 to 4.17, p = 0.19),
  • risk of myocardial infarction (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.24, p = 0.22), and
  • heart failure (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.34 to 4.25, p = 0.78).

Conclusions
This meta-analysis suggested that low blood levels of vitamin D are associated with MACE,
but no such difference in

  • all-cause mortality,
  • myocardial infarction or
  • heart failure

was observed.
Appropriate supplementation of vitamin D in selected populations might be cardioprotective in nature and warrants extensive trials.
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Cardiovascular Disease: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. - Oct 2021

Nutrients 2021, 13, 3603. https:// doi.org/10.3390/nu13103603
Nicola Cosentino i2, Jeness Campodonico '2, Valentina Milazzo *, Monica De Metrio 2, Marta Brambilla 2, Marina Camera 13 and Giancarlo Marenzi 1,Correspondence: giancarlo.marenzi@ccfm.it
Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; nicola.cosentino@ccfm.it (N.C.); jeness.campodonico@ccfm.it (J.C.); valentina.milazzo@ccfm.it (V.M.); monica.demetrio@ccfm.it (M.D.M.); marta.brambilla@cfm.it (M.B.); marina.camera@ccfm.it (M.C.)
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy

Vitamin D deficiency is a prevalent condition, occurring in about 30-50% of the population, observed across all ethnicities and among all age groups. Besides the established role of vitamin D in calcium homeostasis, its deficiency is emerging as a new risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In particular, several epidemiological and clinical studies have reported a close association between low vitamin D levels and major CVDs, such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Moreover, in all these clinical settings, vitamin deficiency seems to predispose to increased morbidity, mortality, and recurrent cardiovascular events. Despite this growing evidence, interventional trials with supplementation of vitamin D in patients at risk of or with established CVD are still controversial. In this review, we aimed to summarize the currently available evidence supporting the link between vitamin D deficiency and major CVDs in terms of its prevalence, clinical relevance, prognostic impact, and potential therapeutic implications.
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Note: All 4 trials use Vitamin D + Omega-3

Cardiovascular category in VitaminDWiki

530 items In Cardiovascular category

Cardiovascular category is associated with other categories: Diabetes 31, Omega-3 31 , Vitamin K 25 , Intervention 22 . Mortality 20 , Skin - Dark 18 , Magnesium 17 , Calcium 14 , Hypertension 14 , Trauma and surgery 13 , Stroke 13 , Kidney 12 , Metabolic Syndrome 11 , Seniors 10 , Pregnancy 8 as of Aug 2022


Cholesterol, Statins

Data hints that heart problems can be fought by a combination of Vit D, Vit K, Mg, and Omega-3

34 studies of Cardiovascular and Omega-3

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17 studies of Cardiovascular and Magnesium

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26 studies of Cardiovascular and Vitamin K2

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Cardiovascular and Virus 20 studies

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VitaminDWiki - 41 Other Cardiovascular Meta-analyses

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