Pages tagged with "Skin + Darker"

396 pages, most important first (overviews, then meta-analyses, then RCTs, then newest). Combine with another topic

• Darker-skinned people have more health problems (in the UK in this case) - Grimes & Campbell video with summary
• Overview Dark Skin and Vitamin D
• Graphs of diseases vs vitamin D levels - and D3 vs D2
• 28 pct of dark skinned people in UK not heard of vitamin D and 54 pct not know symptoms
• Low vitamin D before orthopedic surgery – dark skin 5X more likely
• Sickle Cell treated by Vitamin D - many studies
• Virus and Dark Skin - many studies
• Dark Skin Diabetics and Vitamin D - many studies
• Dark skin pregnancies and Vitamin D - many studies
• Dark skinned people: higher risk of Prostate, Colon, and Breast Cancers (yet again)
• Cancer of breast is highest in dark-skinned women (low Vitamin D: dark skin and obese)
• Low vitamin D while pregnant – a health emergency (Indonesia in this case) – meta-analysis
• Breast cancer in blacks – 5X increased risk of triple negative if low vitamin D
• Migrants from Middle East are slightly more vitamin D deficient than those from Africa - meta-analysis
• Ricket was known to be associated with dark skin and breast feeding a century ago - 2005
• Breast cancer worse for black women
• Vitamin D deficiency diseases in dark skinned people living far from equator – Meta-analysis
• Breast cancer more deadly for blacks than whites
• Hypothesis: Vitamin D is related to breast cancer racial disparities in the US
• Genes may account for some of AA Breast Cancer
• Obese diabetics with dark skins not benefit from 6,000 IU of vitamin D daily (no surprise) – RCT
• Less cognitive decline in older blacks getting 2,000 IU of vitamin D daily for years (VITAL, etc. post analysis) – RCT
• Immune systems of overweight black women improved by monthly 60,000 IU Vitamin D – RCT
• Vitamin D treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease: monthly better than daily – RCT
• Vitamin D needed to get children to just 20 ng in winter 800 IU white skin, 1100 IU dark (Sweden) – RCT
• Less response to 800 IU of Vitamin D by Africans than natives in Finland – RCT
• Urgency Urinary Incontinence in senior black women decreased 40 percent by weekly 50,000 IU vitamin D – RCT
• All preteen aged girls in India taking 2,000 IU of vitamin D got levels above 20 ng – RCT
• Black infant recurrent wheezing rate dropped from 42 percent to 31 percent with just 400 IU of vitamin D – RCT
• Physical performance of black senior women not improved with 30 ng of Vitamin D – RCT
• 5,000 IU daily or 50,000 IU Vitamin D weekly repleted many dark skinned adolescents – RCT
• Sickle Cell clinical trial will inject 300,000 IU of vitamin D – RCT due 2020
• Hypertension not controlled by 26 ng of Vitamin D (50,000 IU bi-weekly A-A) – RCT
• Inflammation in African Americans not reduced with 3 months of 4000 IU of vitamin D – RCT
• Monthly vitamin D (120,000 IU) got most overweight African Americans about 35 ng – RCT
• Dark skinned in Norway: 1000 IU vitamin D not enough to reduce pain – RCT
• Reasons for low response to vitamin D
• Avoiding the sun (and vitamin D) – most Chinese medical students do not want darker skins
• Vitamin D-binding protein and vitamin D status of black Americans and white Americans
• Prostate Cancer risk in black men increased 2X having poor Vitamin D Binding Protein
• Sweat types, folate, binding protein, lighter skin in females and Vitamin D
• Should not have restricted sun exposure to the skin so much, especially for those with dark skins
• The Sunshine Vitamin — restoring what modern life took away from Native Americans
• African American Health Disparities are associated with low Vitamin D - Grant
• Chart of Vitamin D levels vs race
• Blacks have more preterm births due to low nutrients such as vitamin D
• 97 percent of Native American children have less than 30 ng of vitamin D
• 10 reasons for poor response to Vitamin D (race, binding protein, etc.)
• More Vitamin D needed: Obese, Diabetic, MS, CF, Smoker, etc.
• Sickle cell treatments: $3 for Vitamin D, $3 Million for gene cell
• 14000 IU vitamin D (50000 twice a week) often stops Sickle Cell pain
• 25X higher risk of low Vitamin D (S. Asian children in London)
• Review of Vitamin D Deficiencies in developing countries
• 2.7 X increase in % of African-American children who were Vitamin D deficient
• All of the top 10 chronic health problems of blacks are associated with low vitamin D
• Vitamin D deficiency exacerbates many Sickle Cell problems - Perplexity AI,
• Vitamin D should be an almost universal feature of the care of young adults with sickle cell disease
• Uterine Fibroids 3.1 X more likely in black women
• US Cancer statistics
• Diabetes (Type 1) 14X more likely in dark skin children with low levels of vitamin D
• Diabetic glycation control is inversely related to Vitamin D in India
• Diabetic blacks – 80 percent had low vitamin D (less than 20 ng) a decade before
• Blacks die more often than whites of many diseases (they have less vitamin D) – 2012
• T1 Diabetes 6.5 X more likely in South African Blacks if poor Vitamin D Binding Protein
• Prostate Cancer is associated with low vitamin D, blacks have 2X higher risk of PC death (no surprise)
• Skin scars (Keloids) more likely if low vitamin D, poor Vitamin D receptor, or dark skin
• Do blacks have a 5 year life penalty due to low vitamin D
• Hemorrhage after birth is 4X more likely if low vitamin D (dark skin, etc)
• Dark-skinned people have low vitamin D (Obese pregnant women in UK in this case)
• Kamala Harris had a low level of Vitamin D - 22.2 ng
• Immigrants with darker skin often need vitamin D (clinical practice guidelines)
• Vitamin D blood levels vary with estimated amount of African Ancestry
• Preterm Birth 2.7X more likely if low vitamin D (dark skin in this case)
• UK vitamin D levels vs race and obesity (all less than 30 ng)
• Colon cancer more likely in blacks due to differences in Vitamin D genes (wonder if more Vitamin D would help)
• Skin - Dark
• STD rates are highest if dark skin, and US rates are increasing
• Prostate cancer patients in Jamaica were 5X more likely to die of PC if low vitamin D
• Predictors of low vitamin D: race, age, and BMI (confirmed now by Machine Learning)
• Newly diagnosed Children with Cancer have low vitamin D, especially if black
• Stroke 3 times more likely if dark skin woman has Hypertension before age 35
• 26 health factors increase the risk of COVID-19 – all are proxies for low vitamin D
• Menopause is earlier in black women (low vitamin D)
• Vitamin D Helps Atlanta High School Athletes
• Sepsis mortality greater in Black than White children (low vitamin D)
• VA found less testing for vitamin D resulted in increased health costs
• 1 in 5 Canadians have inadequate Vitamin D (less than 16 ng), far more if dark skinned – Canada
• Black veterans have worse health and low vitamin D, yet are not tested as much
• Hyperglycemia in black veterans is associated with low vitamin D
• US maternal death rate increasing (low D not mentioned)
• The UVB–vitamin D3–pigment hypothesis is alive and well (behind short paywall)
• Lower Magnesium, 6 percent more COVID
• 2700 IU of vitamin D needed to get above 20 ng if dark-skinned and high latitude
• Vitamin D and poor health of South Asians living in Britain
• US Vitamin D levels increased 2001-2018
• Lack of vitamin D closely associated with black health disparities
• Black women lacking Calcium and Vitamin D weighed more
• Canadian Vitamin D deficiency
• Epigenetics and vitamin D – June 2010 clips from the web
• Vitality recaptured with Vitamin D (stories of Swedish immigrant women in this case)
• African-Americans and Multiple Sclerosis
• Pregnant while black increases chance of death – mothers 3X, infants 2X (low Vitamin D)
• Cancer continues to be more deadly for Blacks than Whites (hint – low Vitamin D)
• Dark Skinned youths and vitamin D in Southern Canada - Dissertation 2011
• Lower vitamin D if born outside of Canada or lower education
• Darker Skin Health Disparities might be eliminated by Vitamin D (no surprise)
• Africa
• Why India's vitamin D deficiency is grim - 40 pages
• Evolution of human skin color – Jablonski
• Rate of COVID-19 test positive is 40 pcnt lower if high vitamin D (192,000 people) - Holick
• COVID-19 increased 3.5 X if Ultra-Orthodox (cloth) Sept, 2020
• South African white children 48 ng vitamin D – black 37 ng
• Prefer 40 – 60 ng of Vitamin D to minimize COVID-19
• Need 1 hour of noon sun to get Hijab women to 20 ng of Vitamin D (cloth)
• Eskimos evolved to get and limit Vitamin D from food
• Cancers and Vitamin D Receptors, including change with race
• Sarcopenia with obesity is more likely if dark skin, diabetes, OR COPD (all associated with low vitamin D)
• Black obese children had low vitamin D and more fat under skin than whites
• “Black Patients Matter”: US Blacks 2X more likely to die of COVID-19 than whites
• COVID-19 more frequent and deadly for those with dark skins (high risk of low vitamin D)
• US coalition of Black and Latino churches hope to reduce the 3X COVID-19 disparity
• COVID-19 is harder for those with dark skins - perhaps due to low vitamin D
• COVID-19 mortality for Blacks is 5X that for whites in 2 LA Hospitals
• Low vitamin D associated with increased COVID-19 risk (in this case black women 1.7X)
• Skin color and clothing but not sunscreens reduce vitamin D
• COVID-19 was killing dark-skinned doctors, then they got a Vitamin D recommendation
• Shift workers 2X more likely to get COVID-19 (low Vitamin D)
• COVID-19 was the third-leading cause of death in the US, especially in those with dark skins
• Dark-skinned hunter-gatherers may generate 2,000 IU of vitamin D daily
• Rate of vitamin D supplementation by Blacks increases 16X after getting Multiple Sclerosis
• More US deaths due to cancer than heart if dark skinned
• Cancer patients at high risk of vitamin D deficiency were not tested as often (paradoxically)
• Deaths after Cancer Surgery higher in blacks (probably low vitamin D)
• IQ levels around the world are falling (perhaps lower Vitamin D, Iodine, or Omega-3)
• Low Vitamin D in Nordic countries – supplementation, fortification, only 20 ng
• Traditionally living Africans have 46 ng vitamin D levels
• Nigerian albinos have vitamin D levels of 96 ng
• Low vitamin D in pregnancy linked to potentially harmful vaginal bacteria in black women
• Those with recent cancer diagnosis had 7X increased risk of COVID-19 (more if A-A )
• 10 health problems associated with Dark Skin (low vitamin D)
• Healthcare workers at higher risk of COVID-19 if low vitamin D, especially if dark skin
• Half of obese black teens achieved at least 30 ng of Vitamin D with 5,000 IU daily
• Head and Neck Cancer associated with low vitamin D, especially with blacks
• Vitamin D could knock out COVID-19 in 3 months – Dr. Matthews interview
• COVID-19 antibodies 2.6 X more likely if had symptoms and low vitamin D (UK hospital staff)
• After Heart Failure Blacks are 45 percent more likely to re-enter the hospital in a month
• Vitamin D Council vs FDA concerning vitamin D deficiency in blacks and others
• Majority of blacks on dialysis were vitamin D deficient
• Dark skinned NCAA basketball players were 15X more likely to have low vitamin D
• NCAA athletes – one third had low levels of vitamin D, 19X more likely if black race
• 83 percent of children had less than 20 ng of vitamin D – 15 ng avg for hispanic
• Multiple Sclerosis 42X more likely if light brown skin and smoke (both associated with low vitamin D)
• Sickle cell Vitamin D deficiency corrected with 160 K IU loading dose
• People from the Indian continent living in the UK continue to have extremely low levels of Vitamin D
• Low birth weight far more likely if African-American (low vitamin D) – 1997,
• Swedish TV Warns 'Dark-Skinned' People, Muslims of Vitamin D Deficiency
• Vitamin D Status May Help Explain Maternal Race and Ethnic Factors in Primary Cesarean Section Delivery
• Indications of increase COVID-19 problems if dark skin in the UK
• Vitamin D, trauma, and blacks - Dr. Matthews interview with transcript
• Every single Taekwondo (indoor) Korean teen had low Vitamin D
• Skin color and vitamin D – Jablonski – Spring 2012
• Type I diabetes in dark skin children associated with low vitamin D if far from equator
• Increased health problems in blacks is similar to that of low vitamin D whites (John Singleton Stroke)
• Blacks have 4X more Kidney disease than whites – probably due to low vitamin D
• Rickets in Norway – 93 percent had darker skin (lower vitamin D)
• Crohn's disease in black children is worse in 6 ways
• Blacks are more obese, have lower Vitamin D, and have more Cancer etc. than whites
• Vitamin D paradox – Blacks need Vit D for health, but not as much D for strong bones
• Race changes the risk of various health problems, but many questions remain
• Preterm birth more likely if dark skinned and low vitamin D (not white-skinned)
• Off topic: CDC deleted a 3X increase in black male autism due to vaccination – whistle blowing
• Children in India – 1 in 7 extremely low Vitamin D, 1 in 10 prediabetic
• Fair skin has lower vitamin D levels than dark skin – contrary to other studies – 2009
• Bariatric surgery less than 30 ng of vitamin D – 82 pcnt teens, 100 pcnt of black teens
• Malay women 14 X more likely to be Vitamin D deficient than Chinese in Malay
• Black Sudanese children 350X more likely to have rickets than other Australians
• Black women and vitamin D: Nigeria 26 ng, Chicago 12 ng
• Africans in Europe might only need 19 ng of vitamin D – estimated from PTH
• Vitamin D levels of East African tribes
• International Conference of Vitamin D Fortification of Food (India)
• Vitamin D insufficiency in UK youths – 37X more likely if dark skin
• Infertility rate is 2X higher for blacks than whites (no mention of vitamin D, nor the man)
• Rickets in 30 percent of infants in India who had low vitamin D
• Diabetic neuropathy and low vitamin D, especially in blacks
• Vitamin D level of outdoor workers in India was only 18 ng
• Vitamin D needed for 12 ng in winter in Finland – Whites 320 IU, Blacks 720 IU
• Response to UV varies more with pigment genes and age than skin color
• Suicide rate among Native American teens increasing (yet no mention of low vitamin D)
• Hypothesis - Dark skin evolved to avoid skin cancer
• Premature birth and infant mortality worse if dark skin (low vitamin D) - 2015
• Large increase in dark skin children with vitamin D deficiency in Glasgow
• Black infants had far lower vitamin D levels which did not vary with season
• Sleep fragmentation 2X worse in UK senior women having dark skins
• Sleep disorder and nonspecific pain implies low vitamin D, especially if dark skin
• African-Americans with poor sleep have lower levels of vitamin D
• The more the African Ancestry, the lower the vitamin D level
• Darker skins generated much less vitamin D from a single UVB dose
• Congressional Black Caucus Foundation (Wash D.C) invited Dr. Matthews to speak to them on Vitamin D
• Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder increasing (2.7X in US Blacks under age 18 in 20 years)
• Blacks may not need as much Vitamin D (for their bones)
• Higher rate of prostate cancer in AA may decrease if take vitamin D
• Hypertension is more likely in those with darker skins (low vitamin D) 2017
• Racial differences in health problems (premature births) disappeared when vitamin D levels were the same
• Small for gestational age with low vitamin D – 3.6X higher for blacks than whites
• Stroke outcome 6.9 X worse if black and overweight (all three related via low vitamin D)
• Indoor pollution is a problem with obese black asthmatic children
• Half of US high school students will have dark skins by 2025
• Hypothesis: Blacks get more cancer than whites due to lower levels of vitamin D
• Depressed black pregnant women should take vitamin D
• Senior Blacks with low vitamin D were 2X more likely to experience cognitive decline 5 years later
• 78 percent of pregnant immigrants in Sweden had less than 10 ng low vitamin D
• Immigrants and refugees had lower vitamin D levels
• Immigrant vitamin D deficiency in Europe
• African-Americans at high risk of obesity and diabetes - 2011
• Vitamin D bed used 4 minutes daily by dark skin members of UK sports team
• Dark skin does not generate as much vitamin D from the same amount of UV
• Breastfed Infants in Iowa got very little vitamin D, especially if winter or dark skin
• Vitamin D and fertility and birth problems with dark skin
• Pain following auto accident is worse if low vitamin D (for African Americans)
• Bone density does not decrease with lower vitamin D levels in blacks as it does in whites
• CDC vitamin D statistics for women: including blacks and high BMI
• Blacks living in urban area vs rural have less vitamin D if older than 50
• HIV – lower vitamin D if Black, higher if PI monotherapy
• Black prisoners have lower vitamin D than whites in maximum security
• Forearm fracture 3.5X more often in black children with low levels of vitamin D
• Bone loss during black pregnancies – 4000 IU of vitamin D was not enough
• Striking ethnic health disparity – blacks dying due to lack of vitamin D
• TB risk in Blacks increased 20 percent having poor Vitamin D Receptors
• Genes for light skin – 29,000 and 900,000 years old
• ICU - lots of vitamin D in first week helped the dark skinned
• Vitamin D levels in Israel vs skin type and age
• Twice as many fatal strokes among whites who were low on vitamin D
• Dark-skined mothers: preeclampsia 12X more likely if gestational hypertension
• Black infants far less likely to be breast-fed (wonder – culture or low Vitamin D)
• Raised skin scars (keloid) have fewer Vitamin D Receptors
• African-Americans need only 20 ng of vitamin, not 30 ng, based on iPTH
• Bibliography of Black-White health disparities linked to vitamin D - Dr. Grant
• Dark skin pregnancies 2.6 times more likely to have low vitamin D
• Prostate cancer in black men is 1.6 times more likely if a poor Vitamin D Receptor
• Sickle Cell Anemia: 64 percent had less than 10ng of vitamin D
• The Evolution of Diverse Vitamin D Requirements – Masterjohn video
• Many US kids have less than 40 ng of Vitamin D – 99 out of 100 blacks, 91 out of 100 whites
• Cardiovascular death reduction in dark skin migrants by just 1,000 IU of vitamin D
• Aggressive Prostate Cancer in blacks with low vitamin D – 7X more likely if added Calcium
• Black members of Adventist church defy health disparities
• 2X less prostate cancer in A-A with low Calcium is due vitamin D receptor gene
• Low vitamin D 5 times more likely in poor and ethnic neighborhoods (than the best in Dublin)
• Blacks with strokes having low Vitamin D were 3 times more likely to have cognitive impairment
• More gut problems with a dark skinned people
• Ethnicity and low vitamin D levels during pregnancy
• Differences in black and non-black mortality and vitamin D
• Anemia associated with lower than 20 ng vitamin D among elderly
• Autism with intellectual disability 2.5 times more likely if low vitamin D during pregnancy
• Sickle Cell children need more than 7,000 IU of vitamin D daily
• Increase in Vitamin D deficiency with weight and skin darkness – chart
• Bioavailable Vitamin D is the same blacks and whites, but measured vit D is not
• Dr. Holick video on vitamin D
• Diabetes is associated with low vitamin D in various races, but not blacks
• Increased risk of multiple sclerosis risk in African Americans due to genes
• Inflammation Anemia in Blacks 8X more likely if less than 20 ng of vitamin D
• Prostate Cancer incidence and death 2X more often among black men (vitamin D not mentioned)
• Off topic – Skin luminance and hue
• The darker the child’s skin, the lower the vitamin D level (Spain)
• Kidney Cancer differences with skin color probably due to vitamin D differences
• African immigrants: half are vitamin D deficient (based on Caucasian measures)
• Telomeres improved when obese blacks took 2000 IU of vitamin D daily
• Another urban area in a sunny climate is vitamin D deficient – Bangkok
• Blacks have lower vitamin D levels, but OK active vitamin D levels (VDBP)
• Darker skin smokers have lower levels of vitamin D
• Dark skinned teens use media much more
• Virtually all young Koreans had less than 30 ng of vitamin D – 2012
• Tanning potential predicts risk of Prostate Cancer in Blacks
• Types of vitamin D, African American teenage girls, and measures of heart fitness
• Blacks have low vitamin D and have 50 percent more kidney failure
• African Americans need vitamin D intervention as well as education
• The darker the skin, the lower the level of vitamin D – even in tropical Malaysia
• Dark skinned children were vitamin D deficient in Italy (not infants)
• Disadvantaged get less sun and have poor health in the North
• Metabolites of pregnant blacks vary with vitamin D level
• Pregnant blacks 50 pcnt more likely to be depressed if 3 ng less vitamin D
• Little variation in vitamin D levels with skin color in Brazil
• Skin color may not be entirely related to amount of sunshine
• Vitamin D levels lower during darker skin pregnancy, but bone density is OK
• PSA levels in blacks were not changed by 3 months of 4,000 IU of vitamin D (not enough)
• Vitamin D levels of blacks are lower and more skewed (non gausian) the further from equator
• Dark skinned pregnant women far from equator were very vitamin D deficient
• Blacks had lower vitamin D and more quantifiable pain than whites with knee osteoarthritis
• Similar response to Vitamin D supplements by senior white and black women
• Darned ancestors: Light skin is more expensive than dark skin
• Australia – 25 percent of whites have less than 20 ng of vitamin D
• Race, immunity, and levels of vitamin D
• Barefoot on mega doses of vitamin D and his book on Cancer
• Vitamin D levels dropped after training for white, but not black females
• Lung capacity (Vo2max) reduced in senior African American women with low vitamin D
• Half of the US will be people of color – wonder how many will be vitamin D deficient
• Extra 4,000 IU daily raised the vitamin D levels of blacks to that of whites
• Skin cancer risk and vitamin D from sun both decrease with darker skin
• Depression in pregnant blacks strongly associated to vitamin D levels
• Psychosis in dark skinned people 3.5 X higher if low level of vitamin D
• Another indiction that lower level of vitamin D are OK in blacks – Anemia
• Multiple Sclerosis: high incidence in black women than whites (perhaps vitamin D)
• Most immigrant women in Sweden had little vitamin D and lots of muscle pain
• Hypothesis - 40 ng is enough vitamin D if high latitude or dark skin
• Dark Skinned adults need more than 45 minutes of UK summer sun daily
• 79 percent of TB in East London less 20 ng vitamin D
• Teens increasingly indoors - especially if dark skin
• 80 percent of South Asian Women in UK had less than 10 ng of vitamin D in winter
• Virtually all black dialysis patients with low albumin are vitamin D deficient in the winter
• Race vs vitamin D level - Veith
• Tuberculosis, ethnic differences, and vitamin D
• Lupus in blacks associated with low vitamin D AND short telomeres
• Genes in white blood cells of blacks associated with vitamin D deficiency
• Vitamin D accounts for 25 percent of the racial differences in blood pressure
• African-American medical risks
• Low Vitamin D with dark skin, even if live closer to equator and higher altitude
• US Minorities have poor health – how much is due to little sun
• Dark Skinned babies probably need vitamin D to prevent nutritional rickets - 2001
• Low vitamin D is a risk factor for vascular diseases in African Americans
• Low vitamin D increases risk of cardiovascular disease in African Americans – 2011
• Survey finds that Non-Caucasians do not feel that people need sun exposure
• Vitamin D different relationship between whites and blacks for bone and plaque
• First and 2nd generation migrants 2X more likely to have psychotic disorders
• 98 percent of black women had less than 20 ng of vitamin D
• 73 percent of Australians had too little vitamin D
• 5 out of 6 UK dark skinned kids who were vitamin D deficient had no symptoms
• 50000 IU vitamin D2 weekly helped blacks with heart problems
• Studies linked low vitamin D and dark skin to Obesity, Diabetes, and heart
• Very low vitamin D for first pregnancies and those with dark skin
• Autism more frequent from mothers who are dark skinned or veiled
• IBD surgery 5X more likely for non-caucasians with low vitamin D
• Blacks with HIV were 3.5X more likely to be vitamin D deficient than whites
• Genetic differences explain some of vitamin D variation in African-Americans
• Dark skin people in Norway 2X more deficient and have 3X more headaches if low on vitamin D
• Off topic: Only 30 percent of African American children know how to swim
• 2X more people have less than 30 ng of vitamin D in a decade
• Hypothesis that lack of vitamin D increases blood pressure in blacks
• To increase vitamin D levels in children need 1000 or 2000 IU
• CDC Nutrients: 30 percent dark skinned have less than 20 ng of vitamin D
• CVD deaths related to low vitamin D, especially in people with dark skin – 2010
• Seniors in North Indian: half have sore bones, 98 pcnt have less than 30 ng vitamin D
• Diabetics with darker skin were more vitamin D deficient
• Hispanics with MS had lower levels of vitamin D which did not vary seasonally
• Abu Dhabi 2012 - Haq
• Crohn’s Disease strongly associated with low vitamin D in South Asians
• Human skin pigmentation, migration and disease susceptibility
• Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among asthmatic African-Americans
• Diseases of obesity strongly associated with vitamin D deficiency in ethnic minorities
• 20 ng of vitamin D is enough for African American PTH
• Perhaps optimal bioavailable vitamin D level is the same in blacks and whites
• White children in Johannesburg do not need vitamin D supplements
• Vitamin D and multiracial teens in US
• Low vitamin D among black teens
• Low vitamin D in teens: especially black or overweight
• Obesity in American-Indians and African-American teens
• 2000 IU raised black teens vitamin D level to 34 ng and they lost fat
• Red Alert – one in three pre-teens in Tehran had less than 5 ng of vitamin D
• Mayo clinic providing free vitamin D tests for blacks in Florida
• Low vitamin D associated with obesity-related diseases for ethnic minorities
• First vitamin D book for blacks – 2011
• Hypothesis: Vitamin D will decrease CVD and diabetes in African Americans
• Second generation dark skinned immigrants live shorter lives
• Even young Caucasians do not get enough time in the sun
• Even in Sunny Areas, Vitamin D Intake Often Too Low
• 88 percent of African immigrants to Melborne had less than 20 ng of vitamin D
• Dark skinned obese not helped much by weekly 50000 IU dose of vitamin D
• 42 percent of US adults less than 20 ng of vitamin D and 82 percent of blacks
• Blacks may need less vitamin D than whites – PTH
• Improved blood flow in blacks with just 2000 IU of vitamin D
• Black seniors near equator: increased vitamin D decreases bone density
• Dark skinned Caribbean seniors have enough vitamin D
• Blacks not taking mulitvitamins were 5X more likely to be vitamin D insufficient
• Blacks and whites may need different levels of vitamin D etc
• Skin pigmentation predicted bone mineral content in Hawaii
• 30 percent of US had less than 20 ng of vitamin D - CDC
• Not yet certain that vitamin D reduces cardiovascular and diabetes in blacks
• Most people have pale palms which do not tan
• Calcium with Vitamin D2 then D3 helps A-A after heart failure
• 86 percent with TB did not have 30 ng of vitamin D and many were black
• Blacks are still not getting enough vitamin D
• Many possible associations of increased asthma in black children
• Blacks similar to elderly in vitamin D status
• Low vitamin D in blacks increases colorectal cancer deaths 40 percent – Cancer
• 80 year old blacks 3X more likely to be low on vitamin D than whites
• Pregnant women vitamin D insuficiency Black 97 Hispanic 81 White 67 percent
• 97 percent of pregnant Blacks had less than 32 ng of vitamin D - 2010
• Hypothesis of Diet disease and pigment variation in humans
• 800 IU Vitamin D better than sunlight for non-western immigrants
• Elderly black women had low vitamin D which did not increase in the summer
• Aortas of 16 year old blacks helped by 2000 IU of vitamin D
• Will doses of vitamin D up to 6000 IU reduce osteoporosis in black women
• Diabetes Statistics including more diabetes with darker skin – 2007
• Vitamin D3 in obese and non obese African American children – 2008
• Women with lighter skin had on average 4 ng less vitamin D in their blood – 2009
• Insulin resistance correlated with low vitamin D levels in Arab Americans
• A-A need 2100 to 3100 IU every day all year
• Insulin sensitivity associated with Vit D in A-A