Aggressive Prostate Cancer in blacks with low vitamin D – 7X more likely if added Calcium

Association between Serum 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D and Aggressive Prostate Cancer in African American Men

Nutrients 2017, 9(1), 12; doi:10.3390/nu9010012 (registering DOI)

Shakira M. Nelson 1,2,* , Ken Batai 3, Chiledum Ahaghotu 4, Tanya Agurs-Collins 5 and Rick A. Kittles 3

  • 1 Cancer Prevention Fellow, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E402, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

  • 2 Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E402, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

  • 3 Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA

  • 4 Chief Medical Officer, Carney Hospital-Steward Health Systems, Dorchester, MA 02124, USA

  • 5 Health Behavior Research Branch, Division of Cancer Control and Population Studies, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

* Blacks with prostate cancer were 7 X more likely to have aggressive prostate cancer if they also supplemented with more than 800 mg of Calcium Daily * Blacks somewhat more likely to have aggressive prostate cancer if all 3 VDR genes were poor * Blacks with aggressive prostate Cancer were also more likely to have quit smoking See also VitaminDWiki * Overview Prostate Cancer and Vitamin D * Smoking reduces vitamin D - many studies * probably the reduction of vitamin D levels while still smoking increased the growth of prostate cancer * Death by Calcium, book by Thomas Levy – Dec 2013 * Increased Vitamin K2 reduces the problems of excess Calcium – Nov 2013 * Vitamin K2 reduces Calcium getting into wrong locations - like blood vessels and probably Prostate * Is a health problem associated with Low vitamin D, Low Magnesium, or too much Calcium – Jan 2016 * More Magnesium might reduce Prostate Cancer as well * Vitamin D Cofactors in a nutshell Pages listed in BOTH the categories Prostate Cancer and Dark Skin {category} Pages listed in both of the categories Prostate Cancer and Calcium {category} _Pages listed in both of the categories Prostate Cancer and Vitamin D Receptor {category} Vitamin D Receptor category has the following {include}

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African American men have higher incidence rates of aggressive prostate cancer, where high levels of calcium and serum vitamin D deficient levels play a role in the racial differences in incidence. In this study, we examined associations of serum vitamin D with aggressive prostate cancer to improve our understanding of higher susceptibility of aggressive disease in this racial cohort. From Howard University Hospital, 155 African American men with clinically-identified prostate cancer were identified; 46 aggressive cases, and 58 non-aggressive cases. Serum vitamin D was assessed from fasting blood samples, and total calcium intake was assessed using the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire.

Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms from three different loci were genotyped;

  • rs731236,

  • rs1544410, and

  • rs11568820.

Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing aggressive to non-aggressive prostate cancer. Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) significantly increased risk of aggressive disease (OR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.03–9.57, p-value = 0.04). Stratification by total calcium showed high calcium levels (=800 mg/day) modified this association (OR: 7.3, 95% CI: 2.15–47.68, p-interaction = 0.03). Genetic variant rs11568820 appeared to increase the magnitude of association between deficient serum vitamin D and aggressive prostate cancer (OR: 3.64, 95% CI: 1.12–11.75, p-value = 0.05). These findings suggest that high incidence of aggressive prostate cancer risk in African

American men may be due in-part to deficient levels of serum vitamin D. Other factors, including genetics, should be considered for future studies.