Multiple Sclerosis Risk factors include virus such as Human Herpesvirus 6A – many studies

Human Herpesvirus 6A Is a Risk Factor for Multiple Sclerosis - 2022

Review Front Immunol . 2022 Feb 10;13:840753. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840753. eCollection 2022.
Wangko Lundström 1, Rasmus Gustafsson 1

Image
The role for human herpesvirus (HHV)-6A or HHV-6B in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis has been controversial. Possibly because the damage of the virus infection may occur before onset of clinical symptoms and because it has been difficult to detect active infection and separate serological responses to HHV-6A or 6B. Recent studies report that in MS patients the serological response against HHV-6A is increased whereas it is decreased against HHV-6B. This effect seems to be even more pronounced in MS patients prior to diagnosis and supports previous studies postulating a predomination for HHV-6A in MS disease and suggests that the infection is important at early stages of the disease.
Furthermore, HHV-6A infection interacts with other factors suspected of modulating MS susceptibility and progression such as infection with

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV),
  • tobacco smoking,
  • HLA alleles,
  • UV irradiation and
  • vitamin D levels.

The multifactorial nature of MS and pathophysiological role for HHV-6A in inflammation and autoimmunity are discussed.

CONCLUSIONS - from PDF
Together, the studies compiled in this review suggest a role for HHV-6A in MS, particularly early in the disease course and/or at MS onset. This is based on findings of increased anti-HHV-6A antibody levels in people who developed MS later in life, compared to people who do not. HHV-6A infection interacts with other risk factors such as carriage of HLA-DRB1*15:01, tobacco smoking, low UV irradiation, low vitamin D levels and EBV infection; and with protective factors such carriage of the protective haplotype HLA-A*02:01 and CMV infection. This shows the multifactorial nature of MS and suggests that accumulated burden of risk factors increases the risk for acquiring the disease. We propose a pathophysiological role for HHV-6A in induction of MS where an infection of the CNS leads to a primary injury and that this in turn leads to inflammatory events and autoimmunity.
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

The role of herpesvirus 6A and 6B in multiple sclerosis and epilepsy - 2020

Scand J Immunol. 2020 Dec; 92(6): e12984 doi: 10.1111/sji.12984
Nicky Dunn, 1 , 2 Nastya Kharlamova, 1 , 2 and Anna Fogdell‐Hahncorresponding author 1 , 2

Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV‐6A) and 6B (HHV‐6B) are two closely related viruses that can infect cells of the central nervous system (CNS). The similarities between these viruses have made it difficult to separate them on serological level. The broad term HHV‐6 remains when referring to studies where the two species were not distinguished, and as such, the seroprevalence is over 90% in the adult population. HHV‐6B has been detected in up to 100% of infants with the primary infection roseola infantum, but less is known about the primary infection of HHV‐6A. Both viruses are neurotropic and have capacity to establish lifelong latency in cells of the central nervous system, with potential to reactivate and cause complications later in life. HHV‐6A infection has been associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), whereas HHV‐6B is indicated to be involved in pathogenesis of epilepsy. These two associations show how neurological diseases might be caused by viral infections, but as suggested here, through completely different molecular mechanisms, in an autoimmune disease, such as MS, by triggering an overreaction of the immune system and in epilepsy by hampering internal cellular functions when the immune system fails to eliminate the virus. Understanding the viral mechanisms of primary infection and reactivation and their spectrum of associated symptoms will aid our ability to diagnose, treat and prevent these severe and chronic diseases. This review explores the role of HHV‐6A and HHV‐6B specifically in MS and epilepsy, the evidence to date and the future directions of this field.
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

Herpesviruses are extremely prevelant

Antibiotic, Antifungal, Antiviral Drugs - Herpesviruses
Image

Human herpesvirus 6 "multiple sclerosis" 27,000 publications as of Feb 2022

Google Scholar

hhv-6 Foundation

https://hhv-6foundation.org/
Autoimmune Disease
Cancer
 Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
 Gliomas
 Cervical Cancer
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Cognitive Dysfunction
 Delirium
 Amnesia
 Colitis/Diarrhea
Encephalitis
 Encephalitis / Meningitis Overview
 Encephalitis in the Immunocompromised
 Encephalitis in the Immunocompetent
 Rhomboencephalitis
 Limbic Encephalitis
 Encephalomyelitis
Amnesia
Endocrine Disorders
Epilepsy
 Mesial/Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
 Status Epilepticus
Heart Disease
 Myocarditis
 Left Ventricle Disfunction
 Arteriopathies
 Hemophagocytic Conditions
Hemophagocytic Syndrome/ Histiocytosis
HIV/AIDS Progression
Hypersensitiity (DIHS/DRESS)
 Drug Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DIHS)
 Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia & Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)
 Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)
Immune Suppression
 Bone Marrow Suppression
Kidney Disease
Liver Disease
Hepatitis
HIV/AIDS Progression
Lung Disease
 Organizing Pneumonia
 Pneumonitis
 Lymphadenopathy/Fever
Multiple Sclerosis
  Evidence linking HHV-6 with multiple sclerosis: an update- 2014  PDF
Rash & Roseola
Seizures
 Febrile Seizures
Status Epilepticus
Transplant Complications
 Bone marrow supression
 Colitis/diarrhea
 Delirium/CNS Dysfunction
 Encephalitis/Amnesia
 GVHD
 Hemophagocytic syndrome
 Hepatitis /Liver failure
 Pneumonitis
 Transplant Reactivation Overview
SIADH
Hypogammaglobulinemia
Optic Neuritis
Microangiopathy
Mononucleosis
Uveitis

Evidence linking HHV-6 with multiple sclerosis (2014) - cited by 111 studies as of Feb 2022

 PDF
Google Scholar examples

  • Laboratory and clinical aspects of human herpesvirus 6 infections
  • Infection as an environmental trigger of multiple sclerosis disease exacerbation
  • Update on infections with human herpesviruses 6A, 6B, and 7
  • Presence of HHV-6A in endometrial epithelial cells from women with primary unexplained infertility
  • The role of infections in multiple sclerosis
  • Multiple sclerosis and neuroinflammation: the overview of current and prospective therapies
  • Contributions of neurotropic human herpesviruses herpes simplex virus 1 and human herpesvirus 6 to neurodegenerative disease pathology
  • Viruses and endogenous retroviruses in multiple sclerosis: From correlation to causation

VitaminDWiki - 12 MS and Virus studies

This list is automatically updated

VitaminDWiki - Multiple Sclerosis 32 percent less likely among those with more than 32 ng of vitamin D – Dec 2019

UV and Sunshine reduces MS risk

Other things also help

High Dose Vitamin D and cofactors

Number of MS studies which are also in other categories

  • 22 studies in Genetics - genes can restrict Vitamin D getting to the blood and to the cells
  • 14 studies in Vitamin D Receptor - gene which restricts D from getting to the cells
  • 7 studies in Vitamin D Binding Protein - gene which restricts D from getting to the cells
  • 21 studies in Ultraviolet light - may be even better than Vitamin D in preventing and treating MS
  • 9 studies in Omega-3 - which helps Vitamin D prevent and treat MS

VitaminDWiki - human herpesvirus are enveloped

Vitamin D TREATS Health problems: 40 ng ...150 ng

Vitamin D Treats
150 ng Multiple Sclerosis *
80 ng Cluster Headache *
Reduced office visits by 4X *
70 ngSleep *
60 ngBreast Cancer death reduced 60%
Preeclampsia RCT
50 ng COVID-19
Fertility
Psoriasis
Infections Review
Infection after surgery
40 ng Breast Cancer 65% lower risk
Depression
ACL recovery
Hypertension
Asthma?
30 ng Rickets

* Evolution of experiments with patients, often also need co-factors

VitaminDWiki - Epstein-Barr Virus probably causes Long-COVID, CFS, and MS - many studies


174627 visitors, last modified 17 Oct, 2023,
Printer Friendly Follow this page for updates