Reduced fetal immune system stem cells if low Vitamin D at a point in pregnancy – Sept 2023

Prenatal vitamin D deficiency alters immune cell proportions of young adult offspring through alteration of long-term stem cell fates

bioRxiv. 2023 Sep 13;2023.09.11.557255. doi: 10.1101/2023.09.11.557255.Preprint
Koki Ueda, Shu Shien Chin, Noriko Sato, Miyu Nishikawa, Kaori Yasuda, Naoyuki Miyasaka, Betelehem Solomon Bera, Laurent Chorro, Reanna Doña-Termine, Wade R Koba, David Reynolds, Ulrich G Steidl, Gregoire Lauvau, John M Greally, Masako Suzuki

Vitamin D deficiency is a common deficiency worldwide, particularly among women of reproductive age.
During pregnancy, it increases the risk of immune-related diseases in offspring later in life.
However, exactly how the body remembers exposure to an adverse environment during development is poorly understood. Herein, we explore the effects of prenatal vitamin D deficiency on immune cell proportions in offspring using vitamin D deficient mice established by dietary manipulation. We show that prenatal vitamin D deficiency alters immune cell proportions in offspring by changing the transcriptional properties of genes downstream of vitamin D receptor signaling in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells of both the fetus and adults. Further investigations of the associations between maternal vitamin D levels and cord blood immune cell profiles from 75 healthy pregnant women and their term babies also confirm that maternal vitamin D levels significantly affect immune cell proportions in the babies.
Thus, lack of prenatal vitamin D, particularly at the time of hematopoietic stem cell migration from the liver to the bone marrow, has long-lasting effects on immune cell proportions. This highlights the importance of providing vitamin D supplementation at specific stages of pregnancy.
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This is probably true - need peer review and other studies (comment by VitaminDWiki))

VitaminDWiki - Pregnancy category contains

923 items in Pregnancy category

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VitaminDWiki – Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D contains

Most were taking 2,000 to 7,000 IU daily for >50% of pregnancy
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Problem
Vit. D
Reduces		Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving3.4 times Observe
1. Miscarriage 2.5 times Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia 3.6 timesRCT
3. Gestational Diabetes 3 times RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality 3.5 times Observe
5. Premature birth 2 times RCT
6. C-section - unplanned 1.6 timesObserve
     Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 4 timesRCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy 1.4 times RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age 1.6 times meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size
     within normal limits		 RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing 1.3 times RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic 4 times Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis 1.9 timesObserve
13. Preeclampsia in young adult 3.5 timesRCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 31.4 times Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy 5 times RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits 2.5 times RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial

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