Clinical and metabolic response to vitamin D plus probiotic in schizophrenia patients
BMC Psychiatry 201919:77, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2059-x
Note: nice results with a small amount of Vitamin D
50,000 IU Vitamin D bi-weekly was not enough to get the average blood level to 30 ng
Anticipate far better results in patients getting weekly 50,000 IU
Suspect that the probiotic just increased the Vitamin D bio-availability, which is poor in those with poor guts
There are several forms of gut-friendly Vitamin D which might not need probiotics
Overview Schizophrenia and Vitamin D contains the following summary
14 reasons to think that schizophrenia is associated with low vitamin D
1) 97% of patients with schizophrenia are vitamin D deficient
2) Schizophrenia varies with latitude (UVB) by 10X (controversy)
3) Schizophrenia is more common in those with dark skin (when away from the equator)
4) Schizophrenia is associated with low natal vitamin D
5) Schizophrenia has been increasing around the world when vitamin D has been decreasing (controversy)
6) Schizophrenia is associated with low birth rate, which is associated with low vitamin D
7) Schizophrenia is associated with Autism which is associated with low vitamin D
8) Schizophrenia Bulletin Editorial (Jan 2014) speculated that Vitamin D could be a major player
9) Schizophrenia 2X more likely if low vitamin D - meta-analysis
10) Schizophrenia increased 40 % for Spring births after Danes stopped vitamin D fortification
11) Schizophrenia is associated with season of birth
12) Schizophrenia is associated with poor Vitamin D Receptor genes
13) Schizophrenia risk is decreased if give Vitamin D after birth
14) Schizophrenia symptoms reduced when Vitamin D levels are restored
- Schizophrenia associated with low vitamin D – review Dec 2014
- Schizophrenia has many associations with low vitamin D – review 2016
- Body may change gene activation if more Vitamin D is needed (Schizophrenia in this case) – Oct 2018
- Less vitamin D generated from sunlight by schizophrenia patients – 2016
- 2,000 IU of vitamin D reduced schizophrenia chance by 77 percent (male infants) - 2004
Omega-3 also helps Schizophrenia
- Violent schizophrenia patients treated by 3 months of Omega-3 – RCT Aug 2017
- Schizophrenia treated by 6 months of Omega-3 – RCT Nov 2015
- Schizophrenia relapses reduced 3X by Omega-3 – RCT Mar 2015
B12 and Schizophrenia
Probiotics
- Vitamin D treatment of diabetes (50,000 IU every 2 weeks) augmented by probiotic – RCT June 2018
- Vitamin D receptor functionality improved with probiotics – Sept 2015
See also web
- Probiotics improve cognition in Alzheimer's patients RCT Nov 2016
Nothing about Vitamin D. 12 weeks of probiotics for Alzheimer's patients increased mental test score from 8.7 to 10.6 (max score =30) - Probiotic normalization of Candida albicans in schizophrenia: A randomized, placebo-controlled, longitudinal pilot study - May 2017
10.1016/j.bbi.2016.11.019, Free PDF - The microbiome, immunity, and schizophrenia and bipolar disorder - May 2017
doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.12.010, Free PDF - Gastroenterology issues in schizophrenia: why the gut matters| May 2017
doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0574-0, Free PDF - The Microbiome: A New Target for Research and Treatment of Schizophrenia and its Resistant Presentations? A Systematic Literature Search and Review
Oct 2018, doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01040, Free PDF - Differences in gut microbiome composition between persons with chronic schizophrenia and healthy comparison subjects
Sept 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.09.014 - The role of microbiota in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and major depressive disorder and the possibility of targeting microbiota as a treatment option
Sept 2017 , Free PDF - The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Novel Treatments
2018, doi: 10.2174/1570159X15666170915141036, Free PDF
Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
This is just the top of a long table in the PDF
Background: This study determined the effects of a novel combination of vitamin D and probiotic on metabolic and clinical symptoms in chronic schizophrenia.
Methods: This trial was conducted among 60 patients with chronic schizophrenia to receive either 50,000 IU vitamin D3 every 2 weeks plus 8 × 109 CFU/day probiotic (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks.
Results
Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation was associated with a significant improvement in the general (− 3.1 ± 4.7 vs. + 0.3 ± 3.9, P = 0.004) and total PANSS scores (− 7.4 ± 8.7 vs. -1.9 ± 7.5, P = 0.01). Vitamin D and probiotic co-supplementation also significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (+ 51.1 ± 129.7 vs. -20.7 ± 53.3 mmol/L, P = 0.007), and significantly decreased malondialdehyde (− 0.3 ± 0.9 vs. + 0.2 ± 0.4 μmol/L, P = 0.01) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (− 2.3 ± 3.0 vs. -0.3 ± 0.8 mg/L, P = 0.001) compared with the placebo. Moreover, taking vitamin D plus probiotic significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose (− 7.0 ± 9.9 vs. -0.2 ± 9.9 mg/dL, P = 0.01), insulin concentrations (− 2.7 ± 2.3 vs. + 0.4 ± 2.0 μIU/mL, P < 0.001), homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (− 0.8 ± 0.7 vs. + 0.1 ± 0.7, P < 0.001), triglycerides (− 7.8 ± 25.2 vs. + 10.1 ± 30.8 mg/dL, P = 0.01) and total cholesterol levels (− 4.9 ± 15.0 vs. + 5.9 ± 19.5 mg/dL, P = 0.04) and total−/HDL-cholesterol ratio (− 0.1 ± 0.6 vs. + 0.3 ± 0.8, P = 0.04).
Conclusion: Probiotic and vitamin D for 12 weeks to chronic schizophrenia had beneficial effects on the general and total PANSS score, and metabolic profiles.
Trial Registration: This study was retrospectively registered in the Iranian website (www.irct.ir) for clinical trials registration (http://www.irct.ir: IRCT2017072333551N2). 07-31-2017 2