Concealing clothing often results in low vitamin D levels (Sikh children in this case) – Aug 2021

Concentration levels of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin-D and vitamin D deficiency among children and adolescents of India: a descriptive cross-sectional study

BMC Pediatr. 2021 Aug 6;21(1):334. doi: 10.1186/s12887-021-02803-z.
Akif Mustafa 1, Chander Shekhar 2

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VitaminDWiki

90% of Sikh youths have <20 ng of Vitamin D

VitaminDWiki pages containing CLOTH in title (21 as of Dec 2021)

Items found: 22
Title Modified
More hijab clothing may have resulted in 6X increase in Multiple Sclerosis in Tehran – May 2013 23 Aug, 2023
Concealing Clothing in Canada: half the level of vitamin D in blood – May 2012 22 Apr, 2022
Saudi females twice as likely to be vitamin D deficient as males (cloth) – July 2015 27 Dec, 2021
Ultra-orthodox Jews also suffer from 10 ng vitamin D levels (cloth) – Nov 2010 10 Dec, 2021
Need 1 hour of noon sun to get Hijab women to 20 ng of Vitamin D (cloth) – June 2019 10 Dec, 2021
COVID-19 increased 3.5 X if Ultra-Orthodox (cloth) Sept, 2020 10 Dec, 2021
400 IU of vitamin D helped a few adults (Orthodox Jewish mothers - heavy clothing) – 2001 10 Dec, 2021
Jordanian women vitamin D – 16 ng if Western clothing – 12 ng otherwise – Aug 2011 07 Aug, 2021
Burka clothing reduces vitamin D levels, which causes pregnancy problems – Oct 2015 07 Aug, 2021
Ultra-Orthodox Jews have concealing clothing, high levels of COVID-19, and ultra low Vitamin D - Feb 2021 07 Aug, 2021
Concealing clothing resulted in only 8 ng vitamin D – Feb 2011 07 Aug, 2021
Concealing clothing often results in low vitamin D levels (Sikh children in this case) – Aug 2021 07 Aug, 2021
Concealing clothing worn by Christian Orthodox monks result in low vitamin D (9 ng) – Nov 2018 14 Nov, 2018
Weak bones (Osteopenia) in 93 percent of women in Pakistan attending University and wearing Islamic clothes – March 2017 18 Mar, 2017
Permethrin-dipped clothing kills Zika mosquitoes even after 10 washings – Oct 2016 09 Sep, 2016
3 primates have higher levels of vitamin D than clothed humans, level varies between individuals – April 2015 10 May, 2015
Iran Multiple Sclerosis review finds huge increase in women (no mention of clothing) – Nov 2013 10 Aug, 2014
If heavily clothed, very little vitamin D – Dec 2012 22 Mar, 2014
Breast Cancer patients wearing concealing clothing were 13X more likely to be vitamin D deficient – March 2014 14 Mar, 2014
Excessive clothes and being indoors results in very low vitamin D levels – Nov 2011 01 Dec, 2013
UPF = SPF for clothing 01 Feb, 2012
Skin color and clothing but not sunscreens reduce vitamin D – Oct 2010 16 Oct, 2010

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Background: Vitamin D is an essential micronutrient for the overall health and well-being of individuals. For strong musculoskeletal and neurological development of human body, vitamin D levels during childhood and adolescence have key importance. This is the first national-level study that analyzes the deficiency and concentration of serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D) among Indian children and adolescents with respect to various demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.

Methods: Data of Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS, 2016-18) was utilized for the present study. Vitamin D levels were assessed based on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has been shown for the three age groups: 0-4 years (n = 12,764), 5-9 years (n = 13,482), 10-19 years (n = 13,065). Vitamin D deficiency was defined as: serum 25(OH)D < 12 ng/mL; and insufficiency as: 12 ng/ml ≤ 25(OH) < 20 ng/ml. 25(OH) D level higher than 20 ng/mL was accepted as adequate. Random slope multilevel logistic regression models were employed to assess the demographic and socioeconomic correlates of vitamin D deficiency.

Results: Mean serum 25(OH)D concentration level was found to be 19.51 ± 8.76, 17.73 ± 7.91, and 17.07 ± 8.16 ng/ml in age group 0-4 years, 5-9 years and 10-19 years respectively. 49.12% of the children aged 0-4 years were having insufficient level of vitamin D. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was comparatively higher among female adolescents (76.16%), adolescents living in rural region (67.48), Sikh individuals (0-4 years: 76.28%; 5-9 years: 90.26%; 10-19 years: 89.56%), and adolescents coming from rich households. North-Indian individuals were having substantially higher odds of vitamin D deficiency in all the three age groups.

Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is considerably high among children and adolescents of India. The study highlights high-risk group which require prompt policy interventions.

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