Clinical trial of the effects of vitamin D supplementation on psychological symptoms and metabolic profiles in maintenance methadone treatment patients
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. online 19 June 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.06.016
After 12 weeks of 50,000 IU every two weeks
| VitD | Placebo | units | |
| Vitamin D | + 8 | − 0.4 | ng/mL |
| Improved Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index | − 1.5 | − 0.2 | - |
| Beck Depression Inventory | − 4.8 | − 1.5 | - |
| Decreased fasting plasma glucose | − 7.5 | + 0.3 | mg/dL |
| Decreased serum insulin levels | - 3.6 | − 0.9 | μIU/mL |
| Homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance | − 1.0 | − 0.2 | - |
| Serum triglycerides | − 9.6 | + 15.6 | mg/dL |
| Decreased in serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein | − 2.2 | + 2.0 | - |
| Increased plasma total antioxidant capacity | + 26 | − 86 | mmol/L |
| Increased glutathione levels | 292 | 49 | μmol/L |
Suspect that many of these benefits would be true for those not on methadone treatment
See also VitaminDWiki
Amir Ghaderi a, Hamid Reza Banafshe a, b, c, Maryam Motmaen d, Morad Rasouli-Azad e, f, Fereshteh Bahmani g, Zatollah Asemi g asemi_r at yahoo.com
a Department of Addiction studies, School of Medical, kashan University of Medical Sciences, kashan, Iran
b Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
c Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
d Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran
e Department of clinical psychology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran
f Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
g Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R., Iran
Highlights
• This study has evaluated the effects of vitamin D intake in MMT patients.
• Vitamin D supplementation in MMT patients improved psychological symptoms.
• Vitamin D supplementation in MMT patients improved metabolic status.
Background
Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with some complications including nonspecific musculoskeletal pain and periodontal disease in maintenance methadone treatment (MMT) patients. This study was designed to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on psychological symptoms and metabolic profiles in MMT patients.
Methods
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial was carried out among 68 MMT patients. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either 50,000 IU vitamin D supplements (n = 34) or placebo (n = 34) every 2 weeks for 12 weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and post-intervention to evaluate relevant variables.
Results
After the 12-week intervention, serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels significantly increased in the intervention group compared with the placebo group (+ 8.1 ± 4.9 vs. − 0.4 ± 3.0, P < 0.001). In addition, vitamin D supplementation significantly improved Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (− 1.5 ± 2.2 vs. − 0.2 ± 2.3, P = 0.02) and Beck Depression Inventory (− 4.8 ± 7.3 vs. − 1.5 ± 6.1, P = 0.04) compared with the placebo. Patients who received vitamin D supplements had significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (− 7.5 ± 10.6 vs. + 0.3 ± 10.7 mg/dL, P = 0.004), serum insulin levels (− 3.6 ± 5.3 vs. − 0.9 ± 3.5 μIU/mL, P = 0.01), homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (− 1.0 ± 1.3 vs. − 0.2 ± 0.7, P = 0.003), serum triglycerides (− 9.6 ± 30.8 vs. + 15.6 ± 30.2 mg/dL, P = 0.001), total- (− 8.7 ± 20.9 vs. + 11.0 ± 27.4 mg/dL, P = 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (− 11.1 ± 17.9 vs. + 5.9 ± 27.5 mg/dL, P = 0.004) compared with the placebo. Additionally, vitamin D intake resulted in a significant decrease in serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (− 2.2 ± 4.2 vs. + 2.0 ± 3.7 mg/L, P < 0.001), and significant increases plasma total antioxidant capacity (+ 26.2 ± 99.8 vs. − 86.3 ± 127.5 mmol/L, P < 0.001) and glutathione levels (+ 292.3 ± 172.4 vs. + 48.9 ± 208.9 μmol/L, P < 0.001) compared with the placebo. There was no significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum HDL-cholesterol, and other markers of insulin metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress.
Conclusions
Totally, taking 50,000 IU vitamin D supplement every 2 weeks for 12 weeks in MMT patients had beneficial effects on psychological symptoms and few metabolic profiles.