Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are associated with cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic adults - 2013
Endocrine. 2013 Aug 28.
Chen RH, Zhao XH, Gu Z, Gu PL, Zhou B, Zhu ZH, Xu LY, Zou YF, Jiang XZ.
Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No.490, South Chuanhuan Road, Shanghai, China.
Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to determine the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in type 2 diabetic patients with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and examine the relationship of 25(OH)D and MCI with other clinical factors.
One hundred and sixty-five diabetic patients were enrolled in this study.
Among whom, 95 patients were considered as MCI [Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (MoCA) < 26] and the other 70 as no MCI (MoCA ≥ 26).
Subjects were assessed clinically. Diabetic patients with MCI had a
- longer duration of DM,
- fewer years of education,
- elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG),
- resistant index (RI) of carotid, and
- lower levels of 25(OH)D {[17.35 (13.02-25.92) vs 28.00 (19.67-34.30)] ng/ml, P < 0.001}.
The MoCA score was positively correlated with
- log10[25(OH)D],
- education year, and
inversely correlated with
- duration of DM,
- history of hypertension,
- intima-media thickness (IMT),
- FBG,
- max-RI, and
- min-RI.
Log10[25(OH)D] was positively correlated with MoCA score, and inversely correlated with IMT, in multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, and education year, 25(OH)D (β = 0.210, P = 0.003), history of hypertension (β = -0.191, P = 0.007), IMT (β = -0.194, P = 0.007), and FBG (β = -0.157, P = 0.026) independently predicted MoCA score.
In conclusion, our results suggest that levels of serum 25(OH)D are inversely associated with the cognitive impairment in diabetic patients.
Vitamin D may be a potential protective factor for cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes.
PMID: 23982512
Increased sugar level increased risk of Cognitive Decline - Feb 2018
__High Blood Sugar Levels Tied to Memory Decline NYT Feb 2018
- "The study controlled for many other variables, among them age, sex, cholesterol, B.M.I., education, marital status, depression, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension and cardiovascular disease."
Download the study PDF from VitaminDWiki
See also VitaminDWiki
- Poor memory (among diabetics) if have low vitamin D – Aug 2015
- Vitamin D was one of the few drugs which improved cognition in seniors – Aug 2013
- Vitamin D is important for the central nervous system and cognition – May 2013
- Vitamin D reduces Alzheimer’s disease in at least 11 ways – Jan 2013
- Age-related cognitive decline in rats mitigated by Vitamin D intervention – RCT Oct 2012
- Cognitive Impairment 2.4X more likely if low vitamin D – meta-analysis July 2012
- Overview Diabetes and vitamin D
Diseases that may be related via low vitamin D which contains the following list
88+ Disease associations: Disease 1 ==> Disease 2 (both associated with low vitamin D
- Statins ==> many diseases associated with low vitamin D update Jan 2012
- Parkinson, Alzheimer, Stroke ==>Hip fracture
- Parkinson's ==> Osteoporosis
- Low Grip Strength ==> Osteoporosis
- Immune System disease (CVID) ==> Osteoporosis
- COPD ==> Osteoporosis
- COPD ==> Bone Fracture 4.7 X
- COPD ==> osteoporosis, cardio., skeletal muscle, anemia, metabolic synd.
- HIV ==> Osteoporosis
- Cancer - Prostate ==> Osteoporosis
- Cancer - Prostate ==> Melanoma
- Cancer - Gynecological ==> Atherosclerosis
- Atopic Dermatitis ==> Osteopenia 1.8 X
- Alopecia Areata spot baldness ==> 5X higher risk of Lupus, vitiligo, metabolic syndrome
- Skin wrinkles ==> Fragile bones
- Depression ==> Fragile bones
- Depressed ==> Stroke 1.7X
- Depression ==> Heart Disease 1.4X
- Depression + Stroke ==> death 3X
- Depression ==> premature birth
96% increase in premature birth if anti-depressants in late pregnancy - Depression ==> Cognitive Decline
- Depression <==> Diabetes
- Acne ==> Depression
- Diabetes ==> Cognitive impairment
- Diabetes ==> Vertebral fracture in men only
- Diabetes ==> Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Diabetes ==> PCOS women
- PCOS ==> Diabetes
- Asthma ==> Diabetes 10X
- ear, nose, and throat infection ==> Diabetes 10X
- Periodontitis + Low Vit D ==> Diabetes 2.8X
- Obesity ==> Diabetes
- Diabetes ==> Pancreatic Cancer
- Diabetes ==> Cancers
- Diabetes ==> Alzheimer's
- Diabetes ==> TB?
- Diabetes (T1) ==> Multiple Sclerosis
- Diabetes ==> Parkinson's
- Smoking ==> weak bones
- Dental problems==> depression (pregnancy)
- Endometriosis ==> Coronary Heart Disease 3X
- Pregnancy ==> dental problems
- Pregnancy ==>Restless Legs
- No molar ==> 12X increase in Breast Cancer
- Obesity <==> Multiple Sclerosis
- Obesity ==> Cognitive Decline
- Obesity ==> Psorasis
- Obesity ==> Cancer
- Obesity ==> Migraine Headache 3X
- Aortic calcification==> Vertebral fracture
- Low vitamin D for various reasons ==> 9X Suicide
- Asthma ==> Heart Problems and death
- Kidney ==> Tooth loss 7X
- Kidney Disease ==> Osteoporosis 2014 full text
- Multiple Sclerosis ==> Asthma 3X
- Multiple Sclerosis ==> 2.6X increased Migrane Headache, web, full text online
- Multiple Sclerosis ==> Fractures 4X
- Multiple Sclerosis ==>>Fibromyalgia
- Multiple Sclerosis ==> Diabetes (T1)
- Psoriasis ==> Metabolic Syndrome on the web
- Psoriasis ==> Metabolic Syndrome
- Psoriasis ==> Kidney Disease
- Psoriasis ==> Heart problems
- Psoriasis ==> Diabetes
- Psoriasis==> Osteoporosis
- Psoriasis ==> Sleep Apnea
- Celiac Disease ==> Anemia, Psoriasis
- Celiac Disease ==> poor bones Aug 2014
- Intestinal Failure (gut) ==> Low Bone Mineral Density
- Chronic Pancreatitis ==>Painful bones
- Rheumatoid Arthritis ==> Cardiovascular
- Rheumatoid Arthritis ==>Psorasis 3.6X
- IBD ==> Cancer
- Stroke ==> Hip Fracture
- Stroke ==> Parkinson's Disease 2.4X
- Restless Legs <==> ADHD
- Schizophrenia ==> Depression
- Schizophrenia ==> Diabetes 3X
- Sleep Apnea ==>Fatty Liver disease
- Sleep Apnea ==>Gout
- Gout ==> Depression 3.8 X
- Hepatitis-C ==> Cancers - liver, prostate, ?
- Hepatitis -C ==> peripheral arterial disease 12X increase if > 65 years old
- Vitiligo ==> thyroid problems 2013
- Rickets ==> Autism
- Autism ==> Poor Bones
- Epilepsy ==> Osteoporosis
- Rickets ==> Breathing
- Lupus ==>preterm birth