COVID and CVD deadly pandemics share a risk factor: low vitamin D - April 2022

Vitamin D: The Missing Nutrient Behind the Two Deadly Pandemics, COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Diseases

Cureus 14(4): e24133. doi:10.7759/cureus.24133
Abhishek Singh, Anusha Chidharla, Kriti Agarwal, Priyanka Singh, Nidhi Jain, Gashaw Hassen, Salwa Abdelwahed, Renu Bhandari, Kajal Patel, Sachin Gupta, Thoyaja Koritala, Rizwan Rabbani

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is claiming millions of lives and creating an additional burden on health care, which is already affected by the rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The scientific community, on the other side, is enormously engaged with studies to best identify the characteristics of the virus and minimize its effect while supporting the fight to contain NCDs, mainly cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are contributing hugely to the global death toll. Hence, the roles of vitamin D in COVID-19 immunity and cardiovascular health are gaining traction recently.

This literature review will mainly focus on summarizing pertinent studies and scientific publications which highlight the association of vitamin D levels with the various outcomes of COVID-19 and CVDs. It will also address how low vitamin D correlates with the epidemiology of CVDs and the inflammatory mechanisms attributed to COVID-19 severity. We believe that our review may open up hindsight perspectives and further discussions among the physicians in tapping the potential of vitamin D supplementation to tackle the morbidity, mortality, and health care cost of the two deadly diseases, COVID-19 and CVDs.

Sections in the PDF

• Vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 mortality due to cytokine storm
• The interplay between vitamin D and COVID-19 immunity
• Vitamin D and cardiovascular diseases
• Vitamin D and acute respiratory infections
• Vitamin D supplementation and clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients
• Immunologic mechanisms behind cytokine storm in COVID-19
• Low vitamin D evident as a risk and predictor of COVID-19 severity

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VitaminDWiki – ALL 26 COVID risk factors are associated with low vitamin D

• Mental disorders such as Schizophrenia was added by CDC Oct 2021

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VitaminDWiki - In both categories Virus and Cardiovascular (20 studies)

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VitaminDWiki - Cardiovascular category

Cardiovascular category is associated with other categories: Diabetes 31, Omega-3 31 , Vitamin K 25 , Intervention 22 . Mortality 20 , Skin - Dark 18 , Magnesium 17 , Calcium 14 , Hypertension 14 , Trauma and surgery 13 , Stroke 13 , Kidney 12 , Metabolic Syndrome 11 , Seniors 10 , Pregnancy 8 as of Aug 2022

• Overview Cardiovascular and vitamin D
• Cardiovascular Disease is treated by Vitamin D - many studies 39+ meta-analyses
• Coronary Artery Disease and Vitamin D - many studies 18+
• Cardiovascular problems reduced by Omega-3 - many studies 34+
• Arteries and Atherosclerosis and Vitamin D - many studies 71+
• Atrial Fibrillation decreased by Vitamin D or Magnesium - many studies 26+
• Statins and Vitamin D - many studies 25+
• Arterial Stiffness and Vitamins – only Vitamin D was found to help – meta-analysis Feb 2022
• Those raising Vitamin D above 30 ng were 1.4 X less likely to die of Heart Attack (VA 19 years) – Oct 2021
• Giving free vitamin D to every Iranian would pay for itself by just reducing CVD – Oct 2021
• Sudden Cardiac Arrest – 2.8 X higher risk if low vitamin D – 2019
• Peripheral arterial disease risk is 1.5X higher if low vitamin D – meta-analysis March 2018
• Heart attack ICU costs cut in half by Vitamin D – Oct 2018
• Cardiovascular disease 2.3 X more-likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Aug 2022

VitaminDWiki – COVID-19 treated by Vitamin D - studies, reports, videos

As of March 31, 2024, the VitaminDWiki COVID page had:  trial results,   meta-analyses and reviews,   Mortality studies   see related:   Governments,   HealthProblems,   Hospitals,  Dark Skins,   All 26 COVID risk factors are associated with low Vit D,   Fight COVID-19 with 50K Vit D weekly   Vaccines   Take lots of Vitamin D at first signs of COVID   166 COVID Clinical Trials using Vitamin D (Aug 2023)   Prevent a COVID death: 9 dollars of Vitamin D or 900,000 dollars of vaccine - Aug 2023
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