Effect of vitamin K on bone mineral density and fractures in adults: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Osteoporosis International. pp 1–17, doi.org/10.1007/s00198-019-04949-0
A. Mott T. BradleyK. WrightE. S. CockayneM. J. ShearerJ. AdamsonS. A. Lanham-NewD. J. Torgerson
Items in both categories Meta-analyses and Vitamin K are listed here:
- Vitamin K (any amount and any kind) reduced bone fractures by 24 percent – meta-analysis – May 2019
- Vitamin K (across all dose sizes and types) decrease Vascular Stiffness – meta-analysis - Dec 2018
- Bone formation in the lab is aided by Vitamin D, Vitamin K1, and Vitamin K2 – meta-analysis Nov 2017
- Hip fractures greatly reduced by sunshine, vitamin D, and vitamin K – meta-analysis Sept 2012
Note: Vitamin D, Boron, Magnesium, Silica, Calcium, Resveratrol and protein also help bones
- Vitamin D and fractures – 24 meta-analyses and counting – Dec 2014
- Vitamin D and Calcium cost-effectively reduce falls and fractures – April 2019
- Bone density improved with resveratrol (which improves Vitamin D Receptor) – RCT Sept 2018
- Many seniors do not get enough protein, Vitamin D, Mg, etc. needed for bones – Feb 2019
- Healthy bones need: Calcium, Vitamin D, Magnesium, Silicon, Vitamin K, and Boron – 2012
- Many seniors do not get enough protein, Vitamin D, Mg, etc. needed for bones – Feb 2019
- Vitamin K-2 – bone biomarkers indicate at least 600 ug of MK-4 are needed daily – Sept 2014
- Vitamin K2 (as MK-7) is needed for bone quality – Review Feb 2013
Download the PDF from Sci-Hub via VitaminDWiki
For any type and amount of Vitamin K
Summary
Vitamin K may affect bone mineral density and fracture incidence. Since publication of a previous systematic review the integrity of some of the previous evidence has been questioned and further trials have been published. Therefore an update to the systematic review was required.
Introduction
This systematic review was designed to assess the effectiveness of oral vitamin K supplementation for increasing bone mineral density and reducing fractures in adults.
Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, clinicaltrials.gov, and WHO-ICTRP were searched for eligible trials. Randomised controlled trials assessing oral vitamin K supplementation that assessed bone mineral density or fractures in adult populations were included. A total of 36 studies were identified. Two independent reviewers extracted data using a piloted extraction form.
Results
For post-menopausal or osteoporotic patients, meta-analysis showed that the odds of any clinical fracture were lower for vitamin K compared to controls (OR, 0.72, 95%CI 0.55 to 0.95). Restricting the analysis to low risk of bias trials reduced the OR to 0.76 (95%CI, 0.58 to 1.01).
There was no difference in vertebral fractures between the groups (OR 0.96, 95%CI 0.83 to 1.11). In the bone mineral density meta-analysis, percentage change from baseline at the lumbar spine was higher at 1 year (MD 0.93, 95%, CI − 0.02 to 1.89) and 2 years (MD 1.63%, 95%CI 0.10 to 3.16) for vitamin K compared to controls; however, removing trials at high risk of bias tended to result in smaller differences that were not statistically significant. At 6 months, it was higher in the hip (MD 0.42%, 95%CI 0.01 to 0.83) and femur (MD 0.29%, 95%CI 0.17 to 0.42). There was no significant difference at other anatomical sites.
Conclusions
For post-menopausal or osteoporotic patients, there is no evidence that vitamin K affects bone mineral density or vertebral fractures; it may reduce clinical fractures; however, the evidence is insufficient to confirm this. There are too few trials to draw conclusions for other patient groups.