Cardiovascular death 40 percent more likely in a decade if chest pain and low Vitamin D

Created March 2018

Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Mortality in Patients With Suspected Stable Angina Pectoris

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 103, Issue 3, 1 March 2018, Pages 1161–1170, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-02328

Eirik Degerud Ottar Nygård Stefan de Vogel Rune Hoff Gard Frodahl Tveitevåg Svingen Eva Ringdal Pedersen Dennis Winston Trygve Nilsen Jan Erik Nordrehaug Øivind Midttun Per Magne Ueland

image

* Note: 70-80% were taking statins, which is known to decrease vitamin D from the sun * * *Speculation: Those patients who had a good level of vitamin D (> 40ng) at the start had gotten it from the sun. Statins will have greatly reduced their vitamin which they would get from the sun. There were no vitamin D measurements near the time of death to confirm or refute this hypothesis * * Wonder if long-term use of baby aspirin by half ot adults > age 65 reduces vitamin D * Wonder if long-term use of blood thinners reduces Vitamin D levels --- * Cardiovascular deaths 12 percent less likely if have 10 ng more vitamin D – meta-analysis March 2017 * Angina dramatically reduced by injections of vitamin D twice a month (300,000 IU) – Jan 2015 * Health problems prevented by eating nuts (perhaps due to Magnesium and or Omega-3) – meta-analysis Dec 2016 * Cardiovascular calcification prevented by Omega-3, Magnesium, Vitamin K, and Vitamin D – April 2015 * Higher Omega-3 index (4 to 8 percent) associated with 30 percent less risk of coronary disease (10 studies) July 2017 * Is too much vitamin D bad – possible causes and cures 1. Cardiovascular category starts with the following {include}

PDF was available free at Sci-Hub.tv as of March 2018

Context and Objective

Vitamin D status may affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) development and survival. We studied the relationship between concentrations of the circulating biomarker 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk.

Design, Setting, Participants, and Main Outcome Measures

25OHD, the sum of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, was analyzed in plasma samples from 4114 white patients suspected of having stable angina pectoris and was adjusted for seasonal variation. Hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were estimated by using multivariable Cox models with 25OHD as the main exposure variable, with adjustment for study site, age, sex, smoking, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and systolic blood pressure.

Results

A total of 895 (21.8%) deaths, including 407 (9.9%) from CVD causes, occurred during a mean ± standard deviation follow-up of 11.9 ± 3.0 years. Compared with the first 25OHD quartile, HRs in the second, third, and fourth quartiles were

  • 0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.54 to 0.77),

  • 0.56 (95% CI, 0.46 to 0.67), and 0.56 (95% CI)

  • 0.46 to 0.67) for all-cause mortality

and

  • 0.70 (95% CI, 0.53 to 0.91),

  • 0.60 (95% CI, 0.45 to 0.79), and

  • 0.57 (95% CI, 0.43 to 0.75)

for cardiovascular mortality, respectively.

Threshold analysis demonstrated increased all-cause and CVD mortality in patients with 25OHD concentrations below ∼42.5 nmol/L. Moreover, analysis suggested increased all-cause mortality at concentrations >100 nmol/L.

Conclusion

Plasma 25OHD concentrations were inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality and nonlinearly (U-shaped) associated with all-cause mortality.

Tags: Cardiovascular