Burka clothing reduces vitamin D levels, which causes pregnancy problems

Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Burka-clad Pregnant Women in a 450-Bedded Maternity Hospital of Delhi

The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India, pp 1-5

Sangita Nangia Ajmani , Mohini Paul, Poonam Chauhan, A. K. Ajmani, Namrta Yadav

200 pregnant women with burkas – 23 ng mean value 39% Vitamin D inadequate (10-20 ng?) 38% Vitamin D deficient (<10 ng?) Preeclampsia woman 100% were deficient 12 NICU Infants: 40% had deficient mothers 19 Low Birth Weight infants :79% had deficient mothers See also VitaminDWiki * Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D * Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D * Dark skin pregnancies and Vitamin D - many studies * Small for gestational age birth was 6.5X more likely if mother was vitamin D deficient – March 2015 * Preeclampsia 415 items as of Oct 2015 Pages listed in BOTH the categories Pregnancy and Hypertension (preeclampsia) {category} * Middle East and Vitamin D **category listing has items along with related searches and following chart**

Aim

To assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in burka-clad pregnant women and to study feto-maternal outcome in these women.

Methods

200 pregnant burka-clad women of 18–40-year age group irrespective of the period of gestation were recruited from the ANC OPD/ward of Kasturba hospital, and their vitamin D levels were estimated. Patients were categorized into vitamin D deficient, vitamin D inadequate, and vitamin D adequate according to The Endocrine Society Guidelines. The association of vitamin D deficiency with dietary/environmental factors was taken note of. Associations with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), low birth weight (LBW), prematurity, APGAR score, and NICU admission were also studied.

Results

78 patients (39.0 %) were vitamin D inadequate; 75 patients (37.5 %) were vitamin D deficient; and 47(23.5 %) were vitamin D adequate. Mean value of vitamin D level was 23.25 ng/ml ± 18.49 (SD).

• Fifteen patients (7.5 %) developed preeclampsia, and all 15 were vitamin D deficient;

• 13 (6.5 %) developed GDM; and only 5 (2.5 %) of them were vitamin D deficient.

• 19 patients (9.5 %) delivered LBW babies;

  • mothers of 15 (7.5 %) of them were vitamin D deficient.
• 12 patients (6.0 %) delivered premature babies, and
  • mothers of 4 (2 %) were vitamin D deficient;
• 12 babies had APGAR score <7 at 5 min;
  • mothers of 4 (2.0 %) were vitamin D deficient.
• Babies of 12 patients (6 %) were admitted in NICU, and of these 12 babies,
  • mothers of 5 (2.5 %) were vitamin D deficient.

Conclusion

The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was high among burka-clad pregnant women, and it is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Routine screening of vitamin D levels is recommended in burka-clad women to improve the feto-maternal outcome.

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