Vitamin D in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Narrative
- Synthesis of Available Recommendations - 2019
Journal of Adolescent Health xxx (2019) 1—20 DOI : 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.08.025
Magdalini Patseadou, M.D., Ph.D.a,b’ , and Dagmar M. Haller, M.D., Ph.D.a,b
- a Adolescent and Young Adult Health Clinic, Department of Woman, Child and Adolescent Health, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- b Primary Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Youth category in VitamimDWiki starts with the following
Youth category listing has- Vitamin D for Adolescents - review 2019
- Vitamin D levels in teens restored with 150,000 IU monthly for 3 months (mean 33 ng) – Oct 2021
- 2,000 IU of vitamin D daily helped 80 percent of adolescents – Dec 2020
- Do teens need just 10 ng or up to 60 ng of vitamin D – Review Nov 2019
- Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese youths 2.5 X more likely if less than 20 ng of vitamin D – Sept 2018
- Low levels of Vitamin D in UAE juveniles (virtually none had 30 ng) – Jan 2018
- Reasons for children having low vitamin D (proposed by 10 societies) - May 2018
- Vitamin D restored in teens by doses totalling 300,000 IU – Nov 2014
- Multiple Sclerosis increasing in teens – at least 2X in 9 years
- Majority of adolescents have far less than optimum vitamin D levels – Oct 2017
- Many US kids have less than 40 ng of Vitamin D – 99 out of 100 blacks, 91 out of 100 whites – Jan 2017
- Takes a year to restore children and youths to good levels of vitamin D without loading dose - RCT Dec 2016
- Slow walking speed of youths 14 times more likely if low vitamin D - Dec 2016
Purpose: Practical guidelines help clinicians make their preventive and therapeutic choices and improve care management. Our purpose was to collect and synthesize available recommendations concerning vitamin D in adolescents (aged 10—19 years).
Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases from inception to February 5, 2019, for guidance published by different professional associations and governments. We also searched the reference lists of identified recommendations and explored the gray literature using Web search engines. We organized documents by theme: dietary requirements, thresholds, prophylactic supplementation, and treatment of deficiency.
Results: A total of 32 documents were identified. Most of them targeted the general population and not specifically the age group of adolescents. There is a general agreement that adolescents should not have serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations below 25—30 nmol/L to avoid poor bone health. However, there is lack of consensus on the optimal concentration to aim for, levels varying between 25 nmol/L and 150 nmol/L. Adequate nutritional requirements of vitamin D are also subject to debate with values ranging between 200 lU/d and 1,000 lU/d. The upper tolerable intake is estimated at 4,000 lU/d by all study groups. Certain associations recommend routine vitamin D supplementation in adolescents. The recommended daily preventive doses vary between 400 lU and 4,000 lU, depending on season, skin pigmentation, sun exposure, consumption of vitamin D—fortified foods, body mass index, and coexistence of certain medical conditions. ln case of deficiency, different therapeutic regimens of oral vitamin D are proposed depending on the presence of illness and/or the baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Duration of the treatment varies between 4 weeks and 3 months. A maintenance dose is generally recommended after treatment.
Conclusions: At present, there is no consensus among the different societies about vitamin D needs during adolescence. Stronger, evidence-based guidance is needed to inform clinical practice.
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