The Vitamin D Dose Response in Obesity.
Endocr Pract. 2014 Aug 6:1-25. [Epub ahead of print]
Dhaliwal R, Mikhail M, Feuerman M, Aloia JF.
Bone Mineral Research Center, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, New Yor
Objective: Prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy is high in obese individuals. Determining the response of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] to vitamin D3 supplementation in obese and non-obese individuals may lead to concurrent recommendations for optimal vitamin D intake in these populations. The objective of this study was to determine the dose response of vitamin D3 in subjects with body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m2.
Design and Methods: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. This study is an extension of our previous study of vitamin D dosing in healthy adults. After an assessment of baseline 25(OH)D levels, participants were randomized to a vitamin D supplementation arm (100 μg daily if baseline 25(OH)D was < 50 nmol/L, or 50 μg daily if baseline 25(OH)D was ≥ 50 nmol/L) or placebo arm.
Subjects with baseline 25(OH)D level ≥ 80 nmol/L were excluded from the study. Two months following randomization, a repeat 25(OH)D measurement was done.
Results: Final analysis included 25 subjects (14 placebo, 11 active). At two months, serum 25(OH)D concentration increased to a mean of 75 nmol/L in the active group. Mean slope (i.e. vitamin D3 response), defined as 25(OH)D change/baseline dose, was 0.398 nmol/L/μg/d.
Conclusion: The dose response of vitamin D3 (slope) in obese subjects was significantly lower (p < 0.03) at 0.398 nmol/L/μg/d compared to the slope in the previous study of healthy subjects (0.66 nmol/L/μg/d). These results suggest that obese individuals may require 40% higher vitamin D intake than non-obese individuals to attain the same serum 25(OH)D concentration.
PMID: 25100366
Summary by VitaminDWiki
4,000 IU daily for 2 months if initially < 20 ng
2,000 IU daily for 2 months if initially 20– 32 ng
At 2 months the result was a mean of 30 ng
Question by VitaminDWiki
Why did they not use a loading dose?
Strongly suspect that the vitamin D levels were still rising at the 2 month conclusion without a loading dose.
See also VitaminDWiki
- Obese need 2X to 3X more vitamin D - Nov 2014
- Obese need 2.5 IU of vitamin D per kg to increase 1 ng (about 3.4 X more) – RCT Sept 2013 much more than the study on this page
- Obese need 2X as much vitamin D to get the same response – June 2012 much more than the study on this page
- Overview Obesity and Vitamin D contains the following summary
- FACT: People who are obese have less vitamin D in their blood
- FACT: Obese need a higher dose of vitamin D to get to the same level of vit D
- FACT: When obese people lose weight the vitamin D level in their blood increases
- FACT: Adding Calcium, perhaps in the form of fortified milk, often reduces weight
- FACT: 168 trials for vitamin D intervention of obesity as of Dec 2021
- FACT: Less weight gain by senior women with > 30 ng of vitamin D
- FACT: Dieters lost additional 5 lbs if vitamin D supplementation got them above 32 ng - RCT
- FACT: Obese lost 3X more weight by adding $10 of Vitamin D
- FACT: Those with darker skins were more likely to be obese Sept 2014
- OBSERVATION: Low Vitamin D while pregnancy ==> more obese child and adult
- OBSERVATION: Many mammals had evolved to add fat and vitamin D in the autumn
- and lose both in the Spring - unfortunately humans have forgotten to lose the fat in the Spring
- SPECULATION: Low vitamin D might be one of the causes of obesity – several studies
- SUGGESTION: Probably need more than 4,000 IU to lose weight if very low on vitamin D due to
risk factors such as overweight, age, dark skin, live far from equator,shut-in, etc. - Obesity category has
442 items See also: Weight loss and Vitamin D - many studies Child Obesity and Vitamin D - many studies Obesity, Virus, and Vitamin D - many studies
Obese need more Vitamin D- Normal weight Obese (50 ng = 125 nanomole)
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