T1 Diabetes increased by 27% by second year of COVID – meta-analysis June 2023

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Incidence of Diabetes in Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(6):e2321281. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.21281
Daniel D’Souza, BHSc1; Jessica Empringham, MD2; Petros Pechlivanoglou, PhD1,3; et alElizabeth M. Uleryk, MLS4; Eyal Cohen, MD, MSc1,2,3,5; Rayzel Shulman, MD, PhD1,2,3,6

Key Points

• Question Was there a change in the incidence of diabetes in children and adolescents after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic?
• Findings In this systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 studies including 102 984 youths, the incidence of type 1 diabetes was higher during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with before the pandemic.
• Meaning The findings suggest the need to elucidate possible underlying mechanisms to explain temporal changes and increased resources and support for the growing number of children and adolescents with diabetes.

Importance There are reports of increasing incidence of pediatric diabetes since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the limitations of individual studies that examine this association, it is important to synthesize estimates of changes in incidence rates.

Objective To compare the incidence rates of pediatric diabetes during and before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Data Sources In this systematic review and meta-analysis, electronic databases, including Medline, Embase, the Cochrane database, Scopus, and Web of Science, and the gray literature were searched between January 1, 2020, and March 28, 2023, using subject headings and text word terms related to COVID-19, diabetes, and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Study Selection Studies were independently assessed by 2 reviewers and included if they reported differences in incident diabetes cases during vs before the pandemic in youths younger than 19 years, had a minimum observation period of 12 months during and 12 months before the pandemic, and were published in English.

Data Extraction and Synthesis From records that underwent full-text review, 2 reviewers independently abstracted data and assessed the risk of bias. The Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) reporting guideline was followed. Eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis and analyzed with a common and random-effects analysis. Studies not included in the meta-analysis were summarized descriptively.

Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was change in the incidence rate of pediatric diabetes during vs before the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary outcome was change in the incidence rate of DKA among youths with new-onset diabetes during the pandemic.

Results Forty-two studies including 102 984 incident diabetes cases were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis of type 1 diabetes incidence rates included 17 studies of 38 149 youths and showed a higher incidence rate during the first year of the pandemic compared with the prepandemic period (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.14; 95% CI, 1.08-1.21). There was an increased incidence of diabetes during months 13 to 24 of the pandemic compared with the prepandemic period (IRR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.18-1.37). Ten studies (23.8%) reported incident type 2 diabetes cases in both periods. These studies did not report incidence rates, so results were not pooled. Fifteen studies (35.7%) reported DKA incidence and found a higher rate during the pandemic compared with before the pandemic (IRR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.17-1.36).

Conclusions and Relevance This study found that incidence rates of type 1 diabetes and DKA at diabetes onset in children and adolescents were higher after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic than before the pandemic. Increased resources and support may be needed for the growing number of children and adolescents with diabetes. Future studies are needed to assess whether this trend persists and may help elucidate possible underlying mechanisms to explain temporal changes.
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

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Many might have to have daily insulin for life - Dr. Campbell Substack and YouTube

Substack -lots of text

YouTube July 4, 2023 20 minutes

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VitaminDWiki - 12 studies in both categories Diabetes and Virus

This list is automatically updated

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VitaminDWiki – Overview Diabetes and vitamin D contains

• Diabetes is 5X more frequent far from the equator
• Children getting 2,000 IU of vitamin D are 8X less likely to get Type 1 diabetes
• Obese people get less sun / Vitamin D - and also vitamin D gets lost in fat
• Sedentary people get less sun / Vitamin D
• Worldwide Diabetes increase has been concurrent with vitamin D decrease and air conditioning
• Elderly get 4X less vitamin D from the same amount of sun
      Elderly also spend less time outdoors and have more clothes on
• All items in category Diabetes and Vitamin D 546 items: both Type 1 and Type 2

Vitamin D appears to both prevent and treat diabetes

• Appears that >2,000 IU will Prevent
• Appears that >4,000 IU will Treat , but not cure
• 90% less T2 Diabetes in the group having lots of Vitamin D
• Appears that Magnesium helps both Prevention and Treatment
• Many diabetics would be better treated if Gut-Friendly Vitamin D were used

Number of articles in both categories of Diabetes and:

• Dark Skin 24;   Intervention 56;   Meta-analysis 38;   Obesity 36;  Pregnancy 44;   T1 (child) 39;  Omega-3 11;  Vitamin D Receptor 24;  Genetics 13;  Magnesium 29    Click here to see details

Some Diabetes studies

• Take Vitamin D to prevent prediabetes from progressing into diabetes – American Diabetic Association – 2024
• 99.7% of people who got Diabetes had been regularly consuming food emulsifiers - May 2024
• Type 2 Diabetes treated by Vitamin D (often 50,000 IU weekly) – meta-analysis July 2023
• Diabetic inflammation synergistically decreased by Vitamin D and exercise – RCT June 2022
• Incidence of Type-2 Diabetes increased 3X in 30 years (by the way, Vitamin D helps) – July 2022
• Vitamin d treats Type II Diabetes in many ways (14 article review) - Sept 2021
• T2 Diabetes 30 percent more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis of 47 studies – July 2021

50 ng of Vitamin D fights Diabetes

• Saudi study defines normal Vitamin D level to be 50 to 70 ng (diabetes, etc.) - June 2020
• Diabetes 5X less likely if more than 50 ng of Vitamin D – April 2018

T1 Diabetes

• T1 Diabetes 3X lower risk if high vitamin D (over 40 ng) – Meta-analysis Nov 2020
• Type 1 Diabetes is prevented and treated by Vitamin D – review of 16 studies – Sept 2019
• Type 1 Diabetes prevention with Vitamin D and Omega-3 – Symposium April 2019

Pre-Diabetes

• 4X reduction in prediabetes progressing to T2D if more than 50 ng of vitamin D – RCT March 2023
• Prediabetes reduced by weekly 60,000 IU of Vitamin D – RCT Jan 2021
• Prediabetes 1.5 X more likely to go away if take Vitamin D – meta-analysis July 2020

Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Magnesium - many studies

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65+ VitaminDWiki Diabetes pages with T1 or TYPE 1 in title

This list is automatically updated

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This increase in T1 may be due to COVID's deactivation of Vitamin D Receptor

COVID protects itself by deactivation of the VDR.
COVID probably fails to re-activate the VDR when it leave the body

• Excess deaths - 5 possible reasons - many studies
  • primary suspect: deactivation of Vitamin D Receptor
  • There are 36 studies in both Virus and Vitamin D Receptor categories
• Type 1 diabetes 1.6 times more likely if a Vitamin D Receptor problem – Feb 2017
• Type 1 Diabetes association with poor Vitamin D Receptor: 39 studies – April 2017

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VitaminDwiki COVID infections and vaccinations decrease Vitamin D – many studies

Vaccination

• COVID vaccinations resulted in big increase in metabolic disorders - Nov 2023
• COVID vaccination health problems - Campbell, Yale Nov 2023
• Hypothesis: Multiple COVID vaccinations reduce Vitamin D, resulting in Excess Deaths, etc. - Oct 2023
• Following COVID vaccination 31% had neurological problems (Italy) – Oct 2023
• Autoimmune diseases caused in first day after COVID Vaccination - Oct 2023
• Immune System tolerance is inversely related to the number of COVID vaccinations (PubMed analysis) - Oct 2023
• Hospital utilization Australia (NSW) 1415 Vaccinated, 0 unvaccinated - Dec 2022
• Vaccinated children have more health problems – any vaccination, not just COVID
• Multiple COVID vaccinations might increase Cancer Incidence - many studies
• Vaccine Clinical Trial - cardiovascular death 3.7X more likely if vaccinated - preprint Sept 2023
• Myocarditis, Pericarditis 2X more likely if had COVID vaccination in previous 30 days - meta-analysis June 2023
• COVID Vaccinations increased risk of cardiac deaths in youths by 19% - Aug 2023
• 800x Higher Incidence of Myocardial Injury After Booster Vaccination - July 2023
• 74% of autopsies were found to be related to COVID vaccination (from 44 studies) – Lancet July 2023
• More psoriasis flares following second COVID vaccination if lowish Vitamin D – May 2023
• Long-COVID 2.2X more-likely if had 2 COVID vaccinations - Dec 2022

Vaccination and/or Infection

• COVID infections or vaccinations may increase Multiple Sclerosis (if low D) - several studies
• 50% increase in Cancer deaths (age 15-44) since before COVID - Nov 2023
• Early puberty during pandemic (low vitamin D) - several studies
• Excess deaths - 5 possible reasons - many studies
• Low heart rate variability (bad) is associated with low Vitamin D and COVID – many studies
• T1 Diabetes increased by 27% by second year of COVID – meta-analysis June 2023
• Hepatitis normally rare in children: huge increase after lockdown (Adenovirus, low Vitamin D) - April 2022
• Increased risk of many neuro problems after COVID (1.4 X youths, 1.2X seniors) – Aug 2022
• COVID increased seniors risk of Alzheimer's by 1.7X in the next year- Sept 2022
• Increase in children with low vitamin D and with tibia fractures during COVID – June 2022
• Athletes who had been COVID infected had lower Vitamin D levels – July 2023
• COVID, Vitamin D, Drs. Grimes and Campbell - Jan 2024 has the following chart

Hypothesis: The body consumes Vitamin D each time the immune system is activated

The "GREEN" person started with a high level of Vitamin D
This assumes no vitamin D supplementation by supplements, sun, etc.

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See also web

• Could the development of COVID-19 vaccine-induced type 1 diabetes be explained by a simple mechanism? - july 2022 -doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2022.101338 FREE PDF
• Vaccine-induced autoimmunity: the role of molecular mimicry and immune crossreaction - June 2018 https://doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2017.151 FREE PDF
• Vaccines and the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM): potential mechanism of action - Nov 2001 DOI: 10.1054/mehy.2001.1352 FREE PDF