CYP27B1 gene decreases kidney production of active vitamin D – Feb 2013

Thyroid hormones decrease plasma 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels through transcriptional repression of the renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1α-hydroxylase gene (CYP27B1).

Endocrinology. 2013 Feb;154(2):609-22. doi: 10.1210/en.2012-1647.
Kozai M, Yamamoto H, Ishiguro M, Harada N, Masuda M, Kagawa T, Takei Y, Otani A, Nakahashi O, Ikeda S, Taketani Y, Takeyama K, Kato S, Takeda E.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima City, 770-8503, Japan.

The primary determinant of circulating 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH](2)D) levels is the activity of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1α-hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 27B1 [CYP27B1]) in the kidney.

Hyperthyroid patients have been reported to have low levels of plasma 1,25(OH)(2)D.
However, the detailed mechanism of thyroid hormone action on vitamin D metabolism is still poorly understood.

The present study determined whether renal CYP27B1 gene expression was negatively regulated by thyroid hormones.
T(3)-induced hyperthyroid mice showed marked decreases in plasma 1,25(OH)(2)D levels and in renal expression of CYP27B1 mRNA but no changes in plasma concentrations of calcium, PTH, or fibroblast growth factor-23. In addition, we observed that T(3) administration significantly decreased plasma 1,25(OH)(2)D and renal CYP27B1 mRNA levels that were increased by low-calcium or low-phosphorus diets and induced hypocalcemia in mice fed a low-calcium diet. Promoter analysis revealed that T(3) decreases the basal transcriptional activity of the CYP27B1 gene through thyroid hormone receptors (TRα and TRβ1) and the retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) in renal proximal tubular cells. Interestingly, we identified an everted repeat negative thyroid hormone response element (1α-nTRE) overlapping the sterol regulatory element (1α-SRE) and the TATA-box -50 to -20 base pairs from the human CYP27B1 gene transcription start site.

Finally, we established that CYP27B1 gene transcription is positively regulated by SRE-binding proteins and that a T(3)-bound TRβ1/RXRα heterodimer inhibits SRE-binding protein-1c-induced transcriptional activity through the 1α-nTRE.

These results suggest that transcriptional repression of the CYP27B1 gene by T(3)-bound TRs/RXRα, acting through the 1α-nTRE, results in decreased renal CYP27B1 expression and plasma 1,25(OH)(2)D levels.

PMID: 23307792

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See also VitaminDWiki

• Obese have 50 percent less of two enzymes in fatty tissue to process vitamin D – May 2013
• 63 items in CYP27B1 category
• ALS associated with poor CYP27B1 gene (not seen by Vitamin D blood test) – May 2019