Neonatal and Maternal 25-OH Vitamin D Serum Levels in Neonates with Early-Onset Sepsis
Children 2017, 4(5), 37; doi:10.3390/children4050037
Vitamin D Levels (nanograms)
| Preterm (34 weeks) | Full term (37.5 weeks) | Ratio | |
| Infants | 2.6 | 17 | 6.5 X |
| Mothers | 10 | 20 | 2 X |
See also VitaminDWiki
- Sepsis is both prevented and treated by Vitamin D - many studies
Sepsis accounts for more than 25% of neonatal deaths worldwide. - Sepsis is 13 X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – April 2017
Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary
Most were taking 2,000 to 7,000 IU daily for >50% of pregnancy
Click on hyperlinks for details
Problem | Vit. D Reduces | Evidence | |
| 0. Chance of not conceiving | 3.4 times | Observe | |
| 1. Miscarriage | 2.5 times | Observe | |
| 2. Pre-eclampsia | 3.6 times | RCT | |
| 3. Gestational Diabetes | 3 times | RCT | |
| 4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality | 3.5 times | Observe | |
| 5. Premature birth | 2 times | RCT | |
| 6. C-section - unplanned | 1.6 times | Observe | |
| Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 | 4 times | RCT - Omega-3 | |
| 7. Depression AFTER pregnancy | 1.4 times | RCT | |
| 8. Small for Gestational Age | 1.6 times | meta-analysis | |
| 9. Infant height, weight, head size within normal limits | RCT | ||
| 10. Childhood Wheezing | 1.3 times | RCT | |
| 11. Additional child is Autistic | 4 times | Intervention | |
| 12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis | 1.9 times | Observe | |
| 13. Preeclampsia in young adult | 3.5 times | RCT | |
| 14. Good motor skills @ age 3 | 1.4 times | Observe | |
| 15. Childhood Mite allergy | 5 times | RCT | |
| 16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits | 2.5 times | RCT | |
RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial
"In our study, both of neonatal and maternal 25-OH vitamin D serum levels were good sensitive markers (84% and 82%, respectively) and good specific tests (79% and 77%, respectively) with positive predictive values (94.7% and 91.4%, respectively) and negative predictive values (82.3% and 80.6%, respectively) for early detection of neonatal sepsis, and these are in agreement with many previous studies"
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Taha Soliman Gamal 1, Abd-Allah Sayed Madiha 1, Mostafa Kamel Hanan 2, Mohamed El-Mazary Abdel-Azeem 1,* and Gamil S. Marian 1
1 Pediatric Department, El-Minya University, Minya, 11432, Egypt
2 Clinical-Pathology Department; El-Minya University, Minya 11432, Egypt
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that is important for calcium metabolism and plays an important role in the immune functions. The aim of this study was to measure neonatal and maternal 25-OH vitamin D serum levels in neonates with early onset sepsis. The study included fifty neonates with early onset sepsis (25 full-term and 25 preterm infants) and thirty age and sex matched healthy neonates as controls. After history taking and clinical examination, complete blood count, C-reactive protein and 25-OH vitamin D serum levels (neonatal and maternal) were measured for all neonates.
The mean gestational age for neonates with sepsis was (37.5 ± 0.98 for full term and 34.1 ± 1.26 for preterm neonates).
Neonatal and maternal 25-OH vitamin D serum levels were significantly lower in patients (6.4 ± 1.8 and 24.6 ± 2.2 nmol/L) than controls (42.5 ± 20.7 and 50.4 ± 21.4 nmol/L).
Significant negative correlations between neonatal and maternal 25-OH vitamin D serum levels and all sepsis markers and significant positive correlations between neonatal and maternal 25-OH vitamin D levels were present. At cut-off values <20 nmol/L for neonatal and <42 nmol/L for maternal 25-OH vitamin D for detection of neonatal sepsis, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predicted value (PPV) and negative predicted value (NPV) were 84%, 79%, 94.7% and 82.3% for neonatal and 82%, 77%, 91.4% and 80.6% for maternal 25-OH vitamin D, respectively.
Positive correlations between neonatal and maternal 25-OH Vitamin D serum levels are present and they are negatively correlated with all sepsis markers. They can be sensitive early predictors for early onset sepsis in neonates.