Timing of use of cod liver oil, a vitamin D source, and multiple sclerosis risk: The EnvIMS study.
Mult Scler. 2015 May 6. pii: 1352458515578770. [Epub ahead of print]
Cortese M1, Riise T2, Bjørnevik K3, Holmøy T4, Kampman MT5, Magalhaes S6, Pugliatti M7, Wolfson C8, Myhr KM9.
Author information
1The KG Jebsen Centre for MS-Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway/Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway/Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA Marianna.Cortese at igs.uib.no.
2Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway/The Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Center, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway.
3Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway/Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA/The Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Center, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway.
4Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway/Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Norway.
5Department of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, Norway.
6Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Canada.
7Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway/Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Italy/Division of Medicine, McGill University, Canada.
8Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Canada/Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Canada.
9The KG Jebsen Centre for MS-Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway/The Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Center, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway.
- Started giving cod liver oil as infant
- Main benefit was probably during the Winter, Spring when vitamin D from sun not available.
- Best reduction in MS incidence if continued through teen years
- Best reduction if it contains 600-800 IU
- VitaminDWiki suspects that higher amounts were associated with higher amounts of Vitamin A, which may block the benefits of Vitamin D
See also VitaminDWiki
- Overview MS and vitamin D
- Multiple sclerosis patients have 15 ng lower levels of vitamin D – meta-analysis June 2014
- Multiple Sclerosis: number needed to treat with vitamin D may be as low as 1.3 – Meta-analysis Oct 2013
- Video by Dr. Coimbra – 95 percent of auto-immune cured with vitamin D in high doses - April 2014 treatment
- MS and vitamin D consensus from Brazil - 40-100 ng, not monotherapy – Feb 2014 treatment
- Search VitaminDWiki for COD "MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS 256 items as of May 2015
Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki
BACKGROUND:
Low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), although it remains unknown whether this relationship varies by age.
OBJECTIVE:
The objective of this paper is to investigate the association between vitamin D3 supplementation through cod liver oil at different postnatal ages and MS risk.
METHODS:
In the Norwegian component of the multinational case-control study Environmental Factors In Multiple Sclerosis (EnvIMS), a total of 953 MS patients with maximum disease duration of 10 years and 1717 controls reported their cod liver oil use from childhood to adulthood.
RESULTS:
Self-reported supplement use at ages 13-18 was associated with a reduced risk of MS (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.52-0.86), whereas supplementation during childhood was not found to alter MS risk (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.81-1.26), each compared to non-use during the respective period. An inverse association was found between MS risk and the dose of cod liver oil during adolescence, suggesting a dose-response relationship (p trend = 0.001) with the strongest effect for an estimated vitamin D3 intake of 600-800 IU/d (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.31-0.70).
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings not only support the hypothesis relating to low vitamin D as a risk factor for MS, but further point to adolescence as an important susceptibility period for adult-onset MS.
PMID: 25948625