Long-term effects of giving nursing home residents bread fortified with 125 microg (5000 IU) vitamin D(3) per daily serving.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Apr;89(4):1132-7. Epub 2009 Feb 25.
Mocanu V, Stitt PA, Costan AR, Voroniuc O, Zbranca E, Luca V, Vieth R.
Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicin and Pharmacy Iasi Gr T Popa, Iasi, Romania. vmocanu at iasi.mednet.ro
BACKGROUND: In older adults, a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration >75 nmol/L lowers the risk of fracture. An oral intake of 125 microg (5000 IU) vitamin D(3)/d may be required to achieve this target.
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to characterize the safety and efficacy of fortifying bread with a biologically meaningful amount of vitamin D(3).
DESIGN: In a single-arm design, 45 nursing home residents consumed one bun daily that had been fortified with 125 microg (5000 IU) vitamin D(3) and 320 mg elemental calcium.
RESULTS: The initial mean (+/-SD) serum 25(OH)D concentration was 28.5 +/- 10.8 nmol/L. After 12 mo, the 25(OH)D concentration was 125.6 +/- 38.8 nmol/L, and it exceeded 74 nmol/L in 92% of the patients. At every 3-mo follow-up, serum parathyroid hormone was lower than at baseline (P = 0.001). No changes in serum calcium or cases of hypercalcemia were observed at the follow-up assessments. Both mean total urinary calcium and the mean urinary calcium-creatinine ratio increased from baseline at one follow-up time point (P < 0.05). Between baseline and the 12-mo visit, z scores for bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and the hip both increased significantly (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Fortification of bread with much more vitamin D than used previously produced no evident adverse effects on sun-deprived nursing home residents and improved bone density measures. Fortification of bread with 5000 IU vitamin D(3)/d provided reasonable assurance that vitamin D-deficient older adults attained a serum 25(OH)D concentration greater than the desirable objective of >75 nmol/L. This trial was registered at (ClinicalTrials.gov) as: NCT00789503.
PMID: 19244376
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Looking at the paper: did not have substantial improvement in bone density.
This clinical trial added vitamin D but did not add the co-factors needed to build bones – Calcium, Magnesium, Vitamin K2, Silicon, Strontium, Boron, etc.
See also VitaminDWiki
VitaminDWiki Fortification pages with BREAD in title
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