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Stillbirth rates dropped from 4.1% to 2.8% as Finland increased Vitamin D fortification – May 2022


VITAMIN D AND STILLBIRTH -OP No. 20

Anticancer Research May 2024, 44 (5) 2249-2268; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17034
Presented at Proceedings of the Joint International Symposia: Vitamin D in Prevention and Therapy and Biologic Effects of Light May 04-06, 2022 Schlossberg Hotel, Homburg/Saar, Germany
Pelle G. Lindqvist Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

Background/Aim: Two retrospective studies of prospective cohorts showed doubled odds of birth asphyxia among women with low plasma vitamin D levels and one reported a 4-fold increase in the odds of stillbirth. It was not known if this was caused by low sun exposure or by vitamin D per se.

Patients and Methods: The stillbirth rate, including all pregnancies in Finland and Sweden between 1994 to 2021 (n>4 million), was analysed. Due to 50% of the population having low plasma vitamin D, Finland implemented an extensive National Vitamin D fortification program in 2003, which was doubled in 2009 due to an insufficient effect. After 2009, only 10% had low vitamin D levels. Stillbirth rates were compared using cross-tabulation with 95% confidence intervals.

Results: Stillbirth rate decreased from 4.1% before 2003 to 3.2% to 2.% after 2009. Meanwhile, the Swedish stillbirth rate remained constant at 3.9% untill 2018 when the Finish fortification was implemented in Sweden. Thereafter, it decreased to 3.2%. All results had p<0.001.

Conclusion: In our large study of National vitamin D fortification, improved vitamin D status was associated with a lower stillbirth rate in a dose-dependent manner.


VitaminDWiki - Stillbirth reduced by Vitamin D, Zinc, Omega-3 - several studies


VitaminDWiki - 5 studies in both categories Pregnancy and Fortification

This list is automatically updated


VitaminDWiki - Pregnancy category contains

924 items in Pregnancy category

 - see also


VitaminDWiki – Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D contains

Most were taking 2,000 to 7,000 IU daily for >50% of pregnancy
   Click on hyperlinks for details

Problem
Vit. D
Reduces
Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving3.4 times Observe
1. Miscarriage 2.5 times Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia 3.6 timesRCT
3. Gestational Diabetes 3 times RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality 3.5 times Observe
5. Premature birth 2 times RCT
6. C-section - unplanned 1.6 timesObserve
     Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 4 timesRCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy 1.4 times RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age 1.6 times meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size
     within normal limits
RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing 1.3 times RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic 4 times Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis 1.9 timesObserve
13. Preeclampsia in young adult 3.5 timesRCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 31.4 times Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy 5 times RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits 2.5 times RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial


VitaminDwiki – Fortification with Vitamin D contains

135 items in Fortification category

Fortification works, even if food is cooked, but govts rarely fortifiy with enough
Govts, food producers, and families can fortify:
   milk,   yogurt,   beer,   bread,  cereals,  cooking oil,  soups,  jams,   jellys,   honey,   snack bars, etc.
Some interesting fortification articles


VitaminDwiki – Change of Vitamin D Fortification in Denmark contains