Association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and Graves' disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Endocrine. 2019 Mar 28. doi: 10.1007/s12020-019-01902-3.
Veneti S1, Anagnostis P2, Adamidou F1, Artzouchaltzi AM3, Boboridis K3, Kita M1.
1 Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
2 Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. anagnwstis.pan at yahoo.gr.
3 1st University Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Vitamin D titles containing "Graves" (7 as of Aug 2022)
- The risk of 40 diseases at least double with poor Vitamin D Receptor as of July 2019
Vitamin D Receptor table shows what compensates for low VDR activation
Compensate for poor VDR by increasing one or more:
| Increasing | Increases |
| 1) Vitamin D supplement Sun Ultraviolet -B | Vitamin D in the blood and thus in the cells |
| 2) Magnesium | Vitamin D in the blood AND in the cells |
| 3) Omega-3 | Vitamin D in the cells |
| 4) Resveratrol | Vitamin D Receptor |
| 5) Intense exercise | Vitamin D Receptor |
| 6) Get prescription for VDR activator paricalcitol, maxacalcitol? | Vitamin D Receptor |
| 7) Quercetin (flavonoid) | Vitamin D Receptor |
| 8) Zinc is in the VDR | Vitamin D Receptor |
| 9) Boron | Vitamin D Receptor ?, etc |
| 10) Essential oils e.g. ginger, curcumin | Vitamin D Receptor |
| 11) Progesterone | Vitamin D Receptor |
| 12) Infrequent high concentration Vitamin D Increases the concentration gradient | Vitamin D Receptor |
| 13) Sulfroaphane and perhaps sulfur | Vitamin D Receptor |
| 14) Butyrate especially gut | Vitamin D Receptor |
| 15) Berberine | Vitamin D Receptor |
Note: If you are not feeling enough benefit from Vitamin D, you might try increasing VDR activation. You might feel the benefit within days of adding one or more of the above
PURPOSE:
The pathogenesis of Graves' disease (GD) and orbitopathy (GO) is not completely elucidated. On the other hand, vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms have been associated with vulnerability to a plethora of chronic autoimmune diseases. The primary aim of this study was to synthesize evidence on the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and GD. Secondary aim was to investigate their association with GO.
METHODS:
A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, CENTRAL and Scopus, up to December 8, 2018. Data were expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was quantified with I2 index.
RESULTS:
Ten studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis. TT subtype of TaqI polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of GD compared with Tt and tt polymorphisms (OR: 1.42; 95% CI, 1.05-1.94, p = 0.025), whereas tt was associated with a lower risk of GD, compared with TT and Tt polymorphisms (OR: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.62-0.99, p = 0.043). No association was found for ApaI, BsmI, and FokI polymorphisms. The bb subtype of BsmI polymorphism was associated with a lower risk in Asian, but with a higher GD risk in Caucasian populations, compared with BB/Bb subtypes. No eligible study was found regarding the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and the risk of GO.
CONCLUSIONS:
The TT subtype of the TaqI polymorphism was associated with a higher susceptibility for GD compared with Tt and tt. Regarding BsmI, the bb subtype was associated with increased GD risk in Caucasians, whereas it is protective in Asians.