Hypertension in pregnancy (preeclampsia) more frequent in winter (low vitamin D) – Jan 2015

[177-POS]: Seasonality of pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders in South Australia - A retrospective population study 2007-2011.

Pregnancy Hypertens. 2015 Jan;5(1):91. doi: 10.1016/j.preghy.2014.10.183
Verburg PE1, Tucker G2, Scheil W2, Erwich JJ1, Roberts CT3, Dekker GA3.

OBJECTIVES:
To assess the seasonal variation of pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders (PIHD) in an Australian population.

METHODS:
Retrospective study of 59,993 South Australian singleton live born births, for whom a body mass index (BMI) of the mother and sex of the baby were recorded, during 2007-2011 in the South Australian Perinatal Statistics Collection. The incidence of PIHD in relation to birth date was assessed. Fourier series analysis was used to model seasonal trends.

RESULTS:
Of a total of 59,993 births recorded during the study period 4252 (7.1%) women were diagnosed with PIHD. Seasonal modelling showed a strong relation between PIHD and date of birth (p<0.000). When adjusted for confounders (age, BMI, race, smoking during second half of pregnancy, parity and gestational diabetes) the model still showed a strong relation between PIHD and date of birth (p<0.000). The peak prevalence occurred among births in Winter (Jun/Jul/Aug), with a trough in pregnancies with birth in (late-) Summer (Jan/Feb).

CONCLUSIONS:
These epidemiological data support seasonal periodicity for PIHD in an Australian population. The highest incidence of PIHD was associated with birth in the Winter months (Jun/Jul/Aug). The etiology of PIHD is still elusive, but theories include

• genetic and immune mechanisms,
• (abnormal placentation
• cardiovascular maladaptation to pregnancy,
• nutritional, hormonal and angiogenetic factors and
• enhanced systemic inflammatory response.

Recent studies found a relation between both infection and low maternal vitamin D levels and pre-eclamspia. These conditions could explain the detected seasonality for PIHD. Further investigation into the biological mechanism(s) for this finding should be undertaken to identify additional risk factors, so PIHD can be prevented in the clinic.

 Download the PDF from Sci=Hub via VitaminDWiki

---

See also VitaminDWiki

Preeclampsia (hypertension while pregnant) varies with season (O.R. 0.57) – June 2021

Pregnancy category starts with

924 items in Pregnancy category

 - see also

• Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D
• Number of articles in both categories of Pregnancy and:Dark Skin 30;   Depression 21;   Diabetes 44;   Obesity 17;  Hypertension 44;   Breathing 36;  Omega-3 44;  Vitamin D Receptor 24 Click here for details
• All items in category Infant/Child 854 items
• Pregnancy needs at least 40 ng of vitamin D, achieved by at least 4,000 IU – Hollis Aug 2017
• 38+ papers with Breastfed etc, in the title
• Call to action – more Vitamin D for pregnancies, loading doses are OK – Holick Aug 2019
• 53+ preeclampsia studies
• 94+ studies with PRETERM in the title
• Fertility problem (PCOS) reduced by vitamin D, etc: many studies 15+
• 94+ Gestational Diabetes
• Caesarean birth much more likely if low Vitamin D - many studies 15+ studies
• Post-partum depression and low Vitamin D - many studies 15+ studies
• Stillbirth reduced by Vitamin D, Zinc, Omega-3 - several studies 5+ studies
• Search VitaminDWiki for "Assisted reproduction" 33 items as of Aug 2022
• Fertility and Sperm category listing has 142 items along with related searches
• (Stunting OR “low birth weight” OR LBW) 1180 items as of June 2020
• Less labor pain if higher level of vitamin D – August 2021
• Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
• Ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby - take Vitamin D before conception
  

Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary
Most were taking 2,000 to 7,000 IU daily for >50% of pregnancy
   Click on hyperlinks for details

Problem	Vit. D Reduces	Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving	3.4 times	Observe
1. Miscarriage	2.5 times	Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia	3.6 times	RCT
3. Gestational Diabetes	3 times	RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality	3.5 times	Observe
5. Premature birth	2 times	RCT
6. C-section - unplanned	1.6 times	Observe
Stillbirth - OMEGA-3	4 times	RCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy	1.4 times	RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age	1.6 times	meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size      within normal limits		RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing	1.3 times	RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic	4 times	Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis	1.9 times	Observe
13. Preeclampsia in young adult	3.5 times	RCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 3	1.4 times	Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy	5 times	RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits	2.5 times	RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial
{BOX}