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Vitamin D and Respiratory Tract Infections – meta-analysis with charts June 2013

Vitamin D and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

PLoS ONE 8(6): e65835. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065835
Peter Bergman, Åsa U. Lindh, Linda Björkhem-Bergman, Jonatan D. Lindh

Background: Low levels of 25-OH vitamin D are associated with respiratory tract infection (RTI). However, results from randomized controlled trials are inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the preventive effect of vitamin D supplementation on RTI.

Methods: Randomized, controlled trials of vitamin D for prevention of RTI were used for the analysis. The risks of within-trial and publication bias were assessed. Odds ratios of RTI were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and I2. Meta-regressions and subgroup analyses were used to assess the influence of various factors on trial outcome. The pre-defined review protocol was registered at the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews, registration number CRD42013003530.

Findings: Of 1137 citations retrieved, 11 placebo-controlled studies of 5660 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, vitamin D showed a protective effect against RTI (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.84). There was significant heterogeneity among studies (Cohran's Q p<0.0001, I2 = 72%). The protective effect was larger in studies using once-daily dosing compared to bolus doses (OR = 0.51 vs OR = 0.86, p = 0.01). There was some evidence that results may have been influenced by publication bias.

Results: indicate that vitamin D has a protective effect against RTI, and dosing once-daily seems most effective. Due to heterogeneity of included studies and possible publication bias in the field, these results should be interpreted with caution.


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Attached files

ID Name Comment Uploaded Size Downloads
3921 Gargaling.pdf admin 19 May, 2014 209.17 Kb 819
2612 RTI dose.jpg admin 21 Jun, 2013 23.73 Kb 1955
2611 RTI latitude.jpg admin 21 Jun, 2013 24.16 Kb 1903
2610 RTI subgroup.jpg admin 21 Jun, 2013 57.34 Kb 1869
2609 RTI summary.jpg admin 21 Jun, 2013 62.02 Kb 2158
2608 RTI meta-analysis.jpg admin 21 Jun, 2013 113.93 Kb 5648
2607 RTI meta-analysis.pdf admin 21 Jun, 2013 628.08 Kb 979