Vitamin D and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
PLoS ONE 8(6): e65835. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065835
Peter Bergman, Åsa U. Lindh, Linda Björkhem-Bergman, Jonatan D. Lindh
Background: Low levels of 25-OH vitamin D are associated with respiratory tract infection (RTI). However, results from randomized controlled trials are inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the preventive effect of vitamin D supplementation on RTI.
Methods: Randomized, controlled trials of vitamin D for prevention of RTI were used for the analysis. The risks of within-trial and publication bias were assessed. Odds ratios of RTI were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and I2. Meta-regressions and subgroup analyses were used to assess the influence of various factors on trial outcome. The pre-defined review protocol was registered at the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews, registration number CRD42013003530.
Findings: Of 1137 citations retrieved, 11 placebo-controlled studies of 5660 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, vitamin D showed a protective effect against RTI (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.84). There was significant heterogeneity among studies (Cohran's Q p<0.0001, I2 = 72%). The protective effect was larger in studies using once-daily dosing compared to bolus doses (OR = 0.51 vs OR = 0.86, p = 0.01). There was some evidence that results may have been influenced by publication bias.
Results: indicate that vitamin D has a protective effect against RTI, and dosing once-daily seems most effective. Due to heterogeneity of included studies and possible publication bias in the field, these results should be interpreted with caution.
PDF is attached at the bottom of this page
See also VitaminDWiki
- Bronchiectasis strongly associated with low vitamin D - Jan 2013
- Respiratory infections reduced by 63 percent with 4000 IU vitamin D daily - RCT Dec 2012
- Vitamin D reduces respiratory tract infections by 40 percent– meta-analysis Dec 2012
- Acute respiratory infection treated by vitamin D in 6 of 12 clinical trials – review Nov 2012
- 100 percent of Acute Respiratory Failure patients had low vitamin D - April 2012
- Overview Asthma and Vitamin D
- Low dose Vitamin D during pregnancy and infancy results in strange acute respiratory infection response – April 2015
- All items in Breathing and Vitamin D
454 items - Acute lower respiratory infection 5X more frequent with low vitamin D intake – June 2012
- Fewer respiratory infections if optimal level of vitamin D (more than 47 ng) – Sept 2013
- Just 300 IU daily of vitamin D reduced respiratory infections by 50% – RCT Aug 2012
- 100 percent of Acute Respiratory Failure patients had low vitamin D - April 2012
- All items in category Inflammation and Vitamin D
175 items - Upper respiratory tract infection 2X more likely if vitamin D less than 30 ng – Aug 2013
- Inflammation, infection, active vitamin D, and Olmesartan - Sept 2014
- Vitamin D response time is 3-6 months, not much benefit in first 4 months – RCT July 2017
See also PubMed
- Vitamin D3 and gargling for the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections: a randomized controlled trial May 2014
Minimal 10,000 IU vitamin D per week and gargling twice a day did reduce RTI some
PDF is attached at the bottom of the page
Would have be interesting if they have gargled with water to which Vitamin D had been added.
Vitamin D and Respiratory Tract Infections – meta-analysis with charts June 201321332 visitors, last modified 23 Jan, 2018, This page is in the following categories (# of items in each category)Attached files
ID Name Uploaded Size Downloads 3921 Gargaling.pdf admin 19 May, 2014 209.17 Kb 819 2612 RTI dose.jpg admin 21 Jun, 2013 23.73 Kb 1955 2611 RTI latitude.jpg admin 21 Jun, 2013 24.16 Kb 1903 2610 RTI subgroup.jpg admin 21 Jun, 2013 57.34 Kb 1869 2609 RTI summary.jpg admin 21 Jun, 2013 62.02 Kb 2158 2608 RTI meta-analysis.jpg admin 21 Jun, 2013 113.93 Kb 5648 2607 RTI meta-analysis.pdf admin 21 Jun, 2013 628.08 Kb 979