Deaths from many types of Cancer associated with low vitamin D- review of meta-analyses

Created November 2020

Vitamin D and Clinical Cancer Outcomes: A Review of Meta-Analyses

JBMR Plushttps://doi.org/10.1002/jbm4.10420

John D Sluyter,1 ©JoAnn E Manson,2,3 and Robert Scragg1 ®

  • 1School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

  • 2Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women;s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

  • 3Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

* *Note: This umbrella review appears to assume Cancer deaths due to low vitamin D getting to cells only occur when vitamin D levels are less than 30 ng. This ignores cancer deaths at higer levels of vitamin D for some cancers and ignores cancer deaths when Vitamin D is limited in getting to cells - by genes, etc.* * Cancers get less Vitamin D when there is a poor Vitamin D Receptor * Cancer and the Vitamin D Receptor, a primer – Sept 2017 * Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms are risk factors for various cancers – meta-analysis Jan 2014 * Cancer is leading cause of death - Vitamin D and Receptor activators help * Cancer treatment by Vitamin D sometimes is restricted by genes – Oct 2018 * Risk of Cancer increased if poor Vitamin D Receptor – meta-analysis of 73 studies Jan 2016 * Cancer (general) and VDR ** articles * Breast Cancer and VDR articles * Colon Cancer and VDR articles * Prostate Cancer and VDR articles * Skin Cancer and VDR articles * Note some Health problems, such as some Cancers, protect themselves by actively reducing Receptor activation** 1. # The Meta-analysis of CANCER and Vitamin D {category} 1. # The Meta-analysis of Breast Cancer and Vitamin D {category} 1. # The Meta-analysis of Bladder Cancer and Vitamin D {category} 1. # The Meta-analysis of Colon Cancer and Vitamin D {category} 1. # The Meta-analysis of Prostate Cancer and Vitamin D {category}

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The relationship between vitamin D status or supplementation and cancer outcomes has been examined in several meta-analyses.To address remaining knowledge gaps, we conducted a systematic overview and critical appraisal of pertinent meta-analyses. For metaanalyses of trials, we assessed their quality using AMSTAR-2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews), strength of associations using umbrella review methodology and credibility of evidence using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) criteria. Meta-analyses of observational studies reported inverse associations of 25OHD with risk of cancer incidence and cancer mortality and, particularly for colorectal cancer, fulfilled some of Bradford-Hill7s causation criteria. In meta-analyses of trials, vitamin D supplementation did not affect cancer incidence. However, we found credible evidence that vitamin D supplementation reduced total cancer mortality risk, with five out of six meta-analyses reporting a relative risk (RR) reduction of up to 16%: RR, 0.84 (95% CI, 0.74-0.95). The strength of the association, however, was classified as weak. This was true among metaanalyses of high, moderate, and lower quality (AMSTAR-2-rated). Trials did not include large numbers of vitamin D-deficient participants; many tested relatively low doses and lacked sufficiently powered data on site-specific cancers. In conclusion, meta-analyses show that, although observational evidence indicates that low vitamin D status is associated with a higher risk of cancer outcomes, randomized trials show that vitamin D supplementation reduces total cancer mortality, but not cancer incidence. However, trials with larger proportions of vitamin D-insufficient participants and longer durations of follow-up, plus adequately powered data on site- specific common cancers, would provide further insight into the evidence base.

  • © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Tags: Bladder Cancer Breast Cancer Cancer Cancer - Liver Colon Cancer Meta-analysis Mortality Pancreatic Cancer Prostate Cancer