Breast Cancer rate reduced by 40 percent with Omega-3 – meta-analysis

Created October 2017

Intake of fish and marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: meta-analysis of data from 21 independent prospective cohort studies

BMJ 2013; 346 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f3706 (Published 27 June 2013)

Ju-Sheng Zheng, PhD student12, Xiao-Jie Hu, PhD student12, Yi-Min Zhao, masters student12, Jing Yang, PhD student12, Duo Li, professor12

* Overview: Omega-3 many benefits include helping vitamin D * Omega-3 prevents and treats several cancers – Sept 2017 * Omega-3 Reduces risk of Breast Cancer - many studies which includes a table from this study All items in both categories Breast Cancer and Omega-3 are listed here: {category} 1. See also: * Decrease Your Risk of Breast Cancer with Omega-3s * Grassroots Health analysis of this study - Oct 2017 Search PubMed for Cancer and Omega-3 in title or abstract 1054 items as of Oct 2017 - examples follow * Dietary Supplements Commonly Used by Cancer Survivors: Are There Any Benefits * "Recommendations of the Spanish Menopause Society on the consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by postmenopausal women" > 3 grams/day * Chemopreventive and Chemotherapeutic Effects of Fish Oil derived Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Colon Carcinogenesis - free PDF * Omega-3 free fatty acids attenuate insulin-promoted breast cancer cell proliferation * Vitamin D enhances omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. * ω-3 free fatty acids and all-trans retinoic acid synergistically induce growth inhibition of three subtypes of breast cancer cell lines - free PDF * Fatigue reduction diet in breast cancer survivors: a pilot randomized clinical trial.

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Caption for Fig 4

"Dose-response meta-analysis for per 0.1g/day or 0.1% energy/day increment in intake of marine n-3 PUFA intake and risk of breast cancer.

Objectives To investigate the association between intake of fish and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and the risk of breast cancer and to evaluate the potential dose-response relation.

Design Meta-analysis and systematic review of prospective cohort studies.

Data sources PubMed and Embase up to December 2012 and references of retrieved relevant articles.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Prospective cohort studies with relative risk and 95% confidence intervals for breast cancer according to fish intake, n-3 PUFA intake, or tissue biomarkers.

Results Twenty six publications, including 20 905 cases of breast cancer and 883 585 participants from 21 independent prospective cohort studies were eligible. Eleven articles (13 323 breast cancer events and 687 770 participants) investigated fish intake, 17 articles investigated marine n-3 PUFA (16 178 breast cancer events and 527 392 participants), and 12 articles investigated alpha linolenic acid (14 284 breast cancer events and 405 592 participants). Marine n-3 PUFA was associated with 14% reduction of risk of breast cancer (relative risk for highest v lowest category 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.78 to 0.94), I2=54), and the relative risk remained similar whether marine n-3 PUFA was measured as dietary intake (0.85, 0.76 to 0.96, I2=67%) or as tissue biomarkers (0.86, 0.71 to 1.03, I2=8%). Subgroup analyses also indicated that the inverse association between marine n-3 PUFA and risk was more evident in studies that did not adjust for body mass index (BMI) (0.74, 0.64 to 0.86, I2=0) than in studies that did adjust for BMI (0.90, 0.80 to 1.01, I2=63.2%). Dose-response analysis indicated that risk of breast cancer was reduced by 5% per 0.1g/day (0.95, 0.90 to 1.00, I2=52%) or 0.1% energy/day (0.95, 0.90 to 1.00, I2=79%) increment of dietary marine n-3 PUFA intake. No significant association was observed for fish intake or exposure to alpha linolenic acid.

Conclusions Higher consumption of dietary marine n-3 PUFA is associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. The associations of fish and alpha linolenic acid intake with risk warrant further investigation of prospective cohort studies. These findings could have public health implications with regard to prevention of breast cancer through dietary and lifestyle interventions.

Chart of Zheng data by Grassroots Health

Tags: Breast Cancer Meta-analysis Omega-3