Alzheimer’s (apoE4) may require more than Omega-3

Created May 2017

Omega-3 fatty acids, lipids and apoE lipidation in Alzheimer's disease: a rationale for multi-nutrient dementia prevention

The Journal of Lipid Research, doi: 10.1194/jlr.R076331

Marcus O. Grimm 1, marcus.grimm@uks.eu, Daniel Michaelson 2 and Tobias Hartmann 1

1 Saarland University, Germany;

2 Tel Aviv University, Israel

1. Omega-3 and Vitamin D have been separately shown to treat cognition problems Taken together they might be synergistic ( 1 + 1 ==> 3) Unaware of synergistic studies of Vitamin D and Omega-3 for Alz as of May 2017 See also Vitamin D monotherapy is good, Vitamin D multitherapy is great 1. # Items in both categories Cognition and Omega-3 are listed here: {category} 1. Overview Alzheimer's-Cognition and Vitamin D has the following summary {include}

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In the last decade it has become obvious that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely linked to changes in lipids or lipid metabolism. One of the main pathological hallmarks of AD is amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. Aβ is derived from sequential proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Interestingly, both, the APP and all APP secretases are transmembrane proteins which cleave APP close to and in the lipid bilayer.

Moreover, apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) has been identified as the most prevalent genetic risk factor for AD.

ApoE is the main lipoprotein in the brain, which has an abundant role in the transport of lipids and brain lipid metabolism.

Several lipidomic approaches revealed changes in the lipid levels of CSF or in post mortem AD brains.

Here we review the impact of apoE and lipids in AD focusing on the major brain lipid classes, sphingomyelin, plasmalogens, gangliosides, sulfatides, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid as well as on lipid signal molecules like ceramide and sphingosin-1-phosphat. As nutritional approaches showed limited beneficial effects in clinical studies, the opportunities of combining different supplements in multinutritional approaches are discussed and summarized.

Tags: Cognitive Omega-3