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Pre-mature births reduced 43 percent by Vitamin D – Cochrane review Feb 2016

Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy

Luz Maria De-Regil1, Cristina Palacios2, Lia K Lombardo3, Juan Pablo Peña-Rosas4,*
Editorial Group: Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group
Published Online: 14 JAN 2016, DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008873.pub3
1Micronutrient Initiative, Research and Evaluation, Ottawa, ON, Canada
2University of Puerto Rico, Nutrition Program, Department of Human Development, Graduate School of Public Health, San Juan, Puerto Rico
3Indiana University School of Medicine, General Surgery, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
4World Health Organization, Evidence and Programme Guidance, Department of Nutrition for Health and Development, Geneva, Switzerland

Clipped from the summary

  • With respect to infant outcomes, data from three trials involving 477 women suggest that vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy reduces the risk preterm birth compared to no intervention or placebo (8.9% versus 15.5%; RR 0.36; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.93, moderate quality).
  • Data from three trials involving 493 women also suggest that women who receive vitamin D supplements during pregnancy less frequently had a baby with a birthweight below 2500 g than those receiving no intervention or placebo (RR 0.40; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.67, moderate quality).

See VitaminDWiki: Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D

which has the following summary (click on underlined items for details)
Most were taking 2,000 to 7,000 IU daily for >50% of pregnancy
   Click on hyperlinks for details

Problem
Vit. D
Reduces
Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving3.4 times Observe
1. Miscarriage 2.5 times Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia 3.6 timesRCT
3. Gestational Diabetes 3 times RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality 3.5 times Observe
5. Premature birth 2 times RCT
6. C-section - unplanned 1.6 timesObserve
     Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 4 timesRCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy 1.4 times RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age 1.6 times meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size
     within normal limits
RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing 1.3 times RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic 4 times Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis 1.9 timesObserve
13. Preeclampsia in young adult 3.5 timesRCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 31.4 times Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy 5 times RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits 2.5 times RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial

See also VitaminDWiki

Cochrane failed to consider trials

  1. With daily doses of more than 2,000 IU
    2000 IU had been the upper limit in the US
    8 trials used < 1000 IU, 6 trials 1000-2000 IU
  2. With Vitamin D dosing before week 20
    thus not documenting the huge benefits when vitamin D is started early
  3. With daily dose sizes which varied per person ( vitamin D level, obesity, etc)
  4. That gave vitamin D to everyone (control = others)
    many trials now consider it unethical to not give vitamin D to everyone
  5. Of women with Gestational Diabetes
    Note: 2X decrease in Gestational Diabetes with lots of vitamin D
  6. Which used additional supplements – such as Omega-3 or Magnesium
  7. Which used loading doses
    which gives people a good level of vitamin D as soon as possible


Page 17 shows how little vitamin D was used
Image

 Download the Cochrane PDF with VitaminDWiki highlights

Intervention AND Pregnancy trials in VitaminDWiki (most of which are ignored by Cochrane)

Attached files

ID Name Comment Uploaded Size Downloads
6430 Preterm Cochrain.jpg admin 27 Feb, 2016 82.89 Kb 776
6428 Pregnancy Cochrane 2016 highlighted.pdf admin 27 Feb, 2016 1.07 Mb 1269