Vitamin d status and cause-specific mortality: a general population study.
PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e52423. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052423. Epub 2012 Dec 20.
Skaaby T, Husemoen LL, Pisinger C, Jørgensen T, Thuesen BH, Fenger M, Linneberg A.
Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
BACKGROUND:
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in observational studies. The specific causes of death underlying this association lack clarity. We investigated the association between vitamin D status and cause-specific mortality.
METHODS:
We included a total of 9,146 individuals from the two population-based studies, Monica10 and Inter99, conducted in 1993-94 and 1999-2001, respectively. Vitamin D status was assessed as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Information on causes of death was obtained from The Danish Register of Causes of Death until 31 December 2009. There were a total of 832 deaths (median follow-up 10.3 years).
RESULTS:
Multivariable Cox regression analyses with age as underlying time axis and vitamin D quartiles showed significant associations between vitamin D status and death caused by diseases of the respiratory system, the digestive system, and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases with hazard ratios (HRs) 0.26 (p(trend) = 0.0042), 0.28 (p(trend) = 0.0040), and 0.21 (p(trend) = 0.035), respectively, for the fourth vitamin D quartile compared to the first.
We found non-significantly lower HRs for death caused by mental and behavioural diseases and diseases of the nervous system, but no association between vitamin D status and death caused by neoplasms or diseases of the circulatory system.
CONCLUSION:
The associations of vitamin D status and cause-specific mortality suggest that we also look elsewhere (than to cardiovascular disease and cancer) to explain the inverse association between vitamin D status and mortality.
PMID: 23285034
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Be aware: Long time (10.3 years) between vitamin D measurement and death
Disease | Decrease |
respiratory system | 74% |
digestive system | 72% |
endocrine, nutritional and metabolic | 79% |
Also found lower % of death for diseases but not enough data to be statistically significant
- mental
- behavioural
- nervous system
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