Cardiovascular Disease plus Stroke will cost the US a Trillon dollars annually by 2032 (Vitamin D not mentioned) – AHA June 2024

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Forecasting the Economic Burden of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke in the United States Through 2050: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association

Dhruv S. Kazi, MD, MSc, MS, FAHA, Vice Chair; Mitchell S.V. Elkind, MD, MS, FAHA; Anne Deutsch, RN, PhD, CRRN;
William N. Dowd, BA; Paul Heidenreich, MD, FAHA; Olga Khavjou, MA; Daniel Mark, MD, MPH, FAHA;
Michael E. Mussolino, PhD, FAHA; Bruce Ovbiagele, MD, MSc, MAS, MBA, MLS, FAHA; Sonali S. Patel, MD, PhD;
Remy Poudel, MS, MPH, CPH; Ben Weittenhiller, MBA; Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley, MD, MPH, FAHA*;
Karen E. Joynt Maddox, MD, MPH, FAHA, Chair; on behalf of the American Heart Association

BACKGROUND: Quantifying the economic burden of cardiovascular disease and stroke over the coming / decades may inform policy, health system, and community-level interventions for prevention and treatment.

METHODS: We used nationally representative health, economic, and demographic data to project health care costs attributable to key cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia) and conditions (coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation) through 2050. The human capital approach was used to estimate productivity losses from morbidity and premature mortality due to cardiovascular conditions.

RESULTS: One in 3 US adults received care for a cardiovascular risk factor or condition in 2020. Annual inflation-adjusted (2022 US dollars) health care costs of cardiovascular risk factors are projected to triple between 2020 and 2050, from $400 billion to $1344 billion. For cardiovascular conditions, annual health care costs are projected to almost quadruple, from $393 billion to $1490 billion, and productivity losses are projected to increase by 54%, from $234 billion to $361 billion. Stroke is projected to account for the largest absolute increase in costs. Large relative increases among the Asian American population (497%) and Hispanic American population (489%) reflect the projected increases in the size of these populations.

CONCLUSIONS: The economic burden of cardiovascular risk factors and overt cardiovascular disease in the United States is projected to increase substantially in the coming decades. Development and deployment of cost-effective programs and policies to promote cardiovascular health are urgently needed to rein in costs and to equitably enhance population health.
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VitaminDWiki – Cardiovascular category:

514 items In Cardiovascular category

Cardiovascular category is associated with other categories: Diabetes 31, Omega-3 31 , Vitamin K 25 , Intervention 22 . Mortality 20 , Skin - Dark 18 , Magnesium 17 , Calcium 14 , Hypertension 14 , Trauma and surgery 13 , Stroke 13 , Kidney 12 , Metabolic Syndrome 11 , Seniors 10 , Pregnancy 8 as of Aug 2022

• Overview Cardiovascular and vitamin D
• Cardiovascular Disease is treated by Vitamin D - many studies 39+ meta-analyses
• Coronary Artery Disease and Vitamin D - many studies 18+
• Cardiovascular problems reduced by Omega-3 - many studies 34+
• Arteries and Atherosclerosis and Vitamin D - many studies 71+
• Atrial Fibrillation decreased by Vitamin D or Magnesium - many studies 26+
• Statins and Vitamin D - many studies 25+
• Arterial Stiffness and Vitamins – only Vitamin D was found to help – meta-analysis Feb 2022
• Those raising Vitamin D above 30 ng were 1.4 X less likely to die of Heart Attack (VA 19 years) – Oct 2021
• Giving free vitamin D to every Iranian would pay for itself by just reducing CVD – Oct 2021
• Sudden Cardiac Arrest – 2.8 X higher risk if low vitamin D – 2019
• Peripheral arterial disease risk is 1.5X higher if low vitamin D – meta-analysis March 2018
• Heart attack ICU costs cut in half by Vitamin D – Oct 2018
• Cardiovascular disease 2.3 X more-likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Aug 2022

Cholesterol, Statins

• Cholesterol is needed to produce both Vitamin D and Cortisol
• Overview Cholesterol and vitamin D
• Statins and Vitamin D - many studies statins often reduce levels of vitamin D
• Statin side-effects are reduced by Vitamin D – US patent Application – April 2019

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It appears that Cardio burden would be cut in half by good levels of Vitamin D plus Omega-3

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VitaminDWiki - 34 studies in both categories Cardiovascular and Omega-3

This list is automatically updated

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VitaminDWiki – Stroke category contains

123 items in stroke category - see also Overview Stroke and vitamin D,
Overview Hypertension and Vitamin D  Overview Cardiovascular and vitamin D

Stroke more likely if low Vitamin D

• Stroke 74% less likely if high vitamin D (7,295 women 20-50 years old) – July 2017
• Stroke is 13.5 X more likely if low vitamin D and high blood pressure – March 2015
• Ischemic stroke 17 X more likely if low vitamin D – April 2017
• Stroke is strongly associated with Calcification of cerebral arteries (perhaps low Vitamin D, Vitamin K, Mg…) – March 2018
• Ischemic Stroke 3X more likely if Vitamin D Receptor gene change (Fok 1) – Jan 2014

Post-Stroke worse if low Vitamin D

• Poor Acute Ischemic Stroke 4X more likely if low Vitamin D - Nov 2023
• Stroke risks increased if low Vitamin D: Death 3.6 X, recurrence 5.5 X – Meta-analysis Nov 2019
• Stroke outcome at 3 months was 3X worse if bad stroke and low vitamin D – Jan 2020
• Death after Ischemic Stroke 2.5 X more likely if less than 10 ng of Vitamin D – May 2019
• Vascular dementia (after strokes) 32X more likely in Hypertensives with low vitamin D – Oct 2015
• Depression following a stroke is 2.7 X more likely if low vitamin D – Sept 2018
• Stroke incidence not associated with low Vitamin D (but stroke outcome is) – Aug 2019

Post-Stroke better if add Vitamin D

• Post-stroke Vitamin D supplementation helped in 11 ways – May 2023
• Improved recovery from ischemic stroke with Vitamin D (300,000 IU injection) – RCT June 2018
• Better outcome following Ischemic stroke if injected with 600,000 IU of vitamin D – RCT Feb 2017
• Ischaemic stroke – Vitamin D doubled survival (Injection followed by monthly 60,000 IU) – RCT Aug 2016
• Stroke patients need more than 2,000 IU of vitamin D (found this time in Japan) – RCT June 2019

Post-Stroke better if Vitamin D actually gets to cells

• Resveratrol fights Parkinson, Alzheimers, Diabetes, Cardiovascular, ALS, Stroke, etc.– Nov 2018
• Stroke rehabilitation (and prevention) requires Vitamin D actually getting to cells – March 2020

9 studies in both categories Depression and Stroke