Trends in complementary and alternative medicine use among patients with prostate cancer.
J Urol. 2019 May 15 doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000000336
Zuniga KB1,2, Zhao S3, Kenfield SA3, Cedars B4, Cowan JE3, Van Blarigan EL3,5, Broering JM3, Carroll PR3, Chan JM3,5.
PURPOSE:
To explore prevalence and trends of self-reported complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among patients with prostate cancer (PCa) using the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURETM).
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Between 1996-2016, 7,989 CaPSURE participants completed questionnaires on use of nearly 70 CAM types. Participants were defined as users if they ever indicated CAM use. To evaluate trends among patients with newly diagnosed PCa, we considered CAM use within 24 months of diagnosis and calculated percent change in CAM use between groups defined by year of diagnosis (n = 7,696).
RESULTS:
Fifty-six percent of patients with PCa reported CAM use on at least one questionnaire. Multivitamin and omega-3 fatty acid use was common (40% and 24%, respectively). Compared to non-users, greater proportions of CAM users were college-educated, had a higher household income, and lived in the West and Midwest. Median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) at diagnosis was 5.8 (IQR 4.4-8.4) among users and 6.2 (IQR 4.7-10.1) among non-users (p < 0.01). Between those diagnosed in 1996-2000 and 2011-2016, CAM use increased +128% (24% to 54%). Comparing participants diagnosed in 2006-2010 and 2011-2016, a large increase was seen in supplemental vitamin D (+108%) and a large decrease was seen in supplemental vitamin E (-48%) use.
CONCLUSION:
Many patients with PCa reported CAM use. Multivitamins and omega-3 fatty acids were commonly used, and Vitamin D use increased dramatically from 2006-2010 to 2011-2016. These data can guide clinical discussions and decision-making, such as nutritionist referral, and help prioritize future research.
VitaminDWiki - Overview Prostate Cancer and Vitamin D contains:
All items in category Prostate Cancer and Vitamin DExamples
- Overview Prostate Cancer and Vitamin D
- Prostate Cancer long term survival 1.7 X more likely if high level of vitamin D – Jan 2016
- High PSA readings with Prostate Cancer 4 times more likely if poor Vitamin D receptor – March 2016
- Aggressive Prostate Cancer in blacks with low vitamin D – 7X more likely if added Calcium – Jan 2017
- Probably better than 40% reduction if 40 ng of Vitamin D and minimize Calcium
- Prostate cancer in black men is 1.6 times more likely if a poor Vitamin D Receptor – Feb 2017
- Probably better than 40% reduction if 40 ng of Vitamin D and improve Receptor activation (8 ways)
- Low-Grade Prostate Cancer 70 percent less likely to progress if good level of Omega-3 – June 2018
- Might prevent Prostate Cancer with Omega-3 and Vitamin D
- Prostate Cancer PSA reduced by 60 ng of Vitamin D, Vitamin B complex, Omega-3, Curcumin and diet – June 2021
- The use of Vitamin D to prevent prostate cancer doubled in a decade – May 2019
- Prostate cancer patients in Jamaica were 5X more likely to die of PC if low vitamin D - Sept 2022
- Can take 40,000 IU of vitamin D daily before prostate cancer surgery – RCT March 2013
The Meta-analysis of Prostate Cancer
- 1.5X more likely to die of Prostate Cancer if low vitamin D when initially diagnosed – meta-analysis March 2024
- Deaths from many types of Cancer associated with low vitamin D- review of meta-analyses Sept 2020
- Variety of Vitamin D forms treat Prostate Cancer – RCT Review April 2019
- Prostate Cancer death 40 percent less likely if 40 ng level of vitamin D – Meta-analysis Oct 2018
- Prostate cancer risk increase with Vitamin D (other studies disagree) – meta-analysis Jan 2018
- Graphs of Vitamin D and Cancer – meta-analysis Dec 2011
- Risk of Prostate Cancer weakly associated with vitamin D - meta-analysis March 2011
- 16 percent less Prostate Cancer sometimes for each 10 ng vitamin D increase - meta-analysis Jan 2011
- Meta-analysis found vitamin D association with colon but not prostate nor breast cancer May 2010
Vitamin D prevents/treats Prostate Cancer much better when there is not excess Calcium
Prostate cancer risk increase with Vitamin D (other studies disagree) – meta-analysis Jan 2018 prevention
Prostate cancer reduced when 4000 IU vitamin D was added– Hollis RCT April 2015 treatment
7X increase in stage IV Prostate Cancer survival when vitamin D greater than 32 ng – May 2013
Never too late to have vitamin D - loading dose is great before Prostate Surgery
Increased use of Vitamin D
- Vitamin D very popular with Canadian seniors having complex medical problems – Jan 2019
- Vitamin D most popular supplement - many studies
- Vitamin D is perceived to be the healthiest food ingredient (more than fiber, whole grains, Omega-3, organic, etc) Survey May 2018
- Vitamin D is the most popular supplement, and was in the first commercial supplement – cod liver oil – May 2018
- Vitamin D was the most supplemented vitamin or mineral in the US - 2017
Study had been cited 14 times as of March 2024
- Evidence on Statins, Omega-3, and Prostate Cancer: A Narrative Review - July 2022 doi: 10.5534/wjmh.210139 FREE PDF
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