500 mg of Magnesium for 8 weeks increased Vitamin D by 4 ng – July 2020

---

Response of Vitamin D after Magnesium Intervention in a Postmenopausal Population from the Province of Granada, Spain

Nutrients 2020, 12, 2283; doi:10.3390/nu12082283
Héctor Vázquez-Lorente h* , Lourdes Herrera-Quintana , Jorge Molina-López ©, Yenifer Gamarra-Morales h*, Beatriz López-González 1, Claudia Miralles-AdeU 1 and Elena Planells 1

• Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; lourdesherra at ugr.es (L.H.-Q.); beatrizlogo at yahoo.es (B.L.-G.); cmirallesadell at gmail.com (C.M.-A.); elenamp at ugr.es (E.P.)
• Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sports Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain; jorge.molina at ddi.uhu.es

* Correspondence: hectorvazquez at ugr.es (H.V.-L.); jennifer_gamo at hotmail.com (Y.G.-M.)

Menopause is a stage of hormonal imbalance in women which, in addition to other physiopathological consequences, poses a risk of deficiency of key micronutrients such as magnesium and vitamin D. A study was made of the influence of a magnesium intervention upon vitamin D status in a postmenopausal population from the province of Granada (Spain). Fifty-two healthy postmenopausal women between 44-76 years of age were included. Two randomized groups—placebo and magnesium (500 mg/day)—were treated during eight weeks. Nutrient intake was assessed using questionnaires based on 72-h recall. Vitamin D was analyzed by liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry. Baseline vitamin D proved deficient in over 80% of the subjects. The administration of magnesium resulted in significantly increased vitamin D levels in the intervention group versus the controls (p < 0.05). Magnesium supplementation improved vitamin D status in the studied postmenopausal women.
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

References

1. López-González, B.; Florea, D.; García-Ávila, M.; Millan, E.; Saez, L.; Molina, J.; Planells, E.M. Calcic and hormonal levels in postmenopausal women of the province of Granada. Ars Pharm. 2010, 51, 685-696.
2. LeBlanc, E.S.; Desai, M.; Perrin, N.; Watctawski-Wende, J.; Manson, J.E.; Cauley, J.A.; Michael, Y.L.; Tang, J.; Womacl, C.; Song, Y.; et al. Vitamin D levels and menopause-related symptoms. Menopause 2014, 21, 1197-1203. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. Karlamangla, A.S.; Burnett-Bowie, S.-A.M.; Crandall, C.J. Bone health during the menopause transition and beyond. Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. N. Am. 2018, 45, 695-708. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. Pavón de Paz, I.; Alameda Hernando, C.; Olivar Roldán, J. Obesity and menopause. Nutr. Hosp. 2006, 21, 633-637. [PubMed]
5. Robinson, D.; Cardozo, L. The menopause and HRT. Urogenital effects of hormone therapy. Best Pr. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2003,17,91-104. [CrossRef]
6. Barbagallo, M.; Belvedere, M.; Dominguez, L.J. Magnesium homeostasis and aging. Magnes. Res. 2009, 22, 235-246. [CrossRef]
7. Loupy, A.; Ramakrishnan, S.K.; Wootla, B.; Chambrey, R.; de la Faille, R.; Bourgeois, S.; Bruneval, P.; Mandet, C.; Christensen, E.I.; Faure, H.; et al. PTH-independent regulation of blood calcium concentration by the calcium-sensing receptor. J. Clin. Investig. 2012,122, 3355-3367. [CrossRef]
8. Zofkova, I.; Kancheva, R.L. The relationship between magnesium and calciotropic hormones. Magnes. Res. 1995, 8, 77-84.
9. Agus, Z.S. Mechanisms and causes of hypomagnesemia. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 2016, 25,301-307. [CrossRef]
10. Ayuk, J.; Gittoes, N.J. Contemporary view of the clinical relevance of magnesium homeostasis. Ann. Clin. Biochem. 2014, 51,179-188. [CrossRef]
11. Parazzini, F.; Martino, M.D.; Pellegrino, P. Magnesium in the gynecological practice: A literature review. Magnes. Res. 2017, 30,1-7. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
12. Atef, S.H. Vitamin D assays in clinical laboratory: Past, present and future challenges. J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2018,175,136-137. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
13. Jolfaie, N.R.; Rouhani, M.H.; Onvani, S.; Azadbakht, L. The association between Vitamin D and health outcomes in women: A review on the related evidence. J. Res. Med. Sci. 2016,21, 76. [PubMed]
14. Wranicz, J.; Szostak-Wegierek, D. Health outcomes of vitamin D.; Part, I. characteristics and classic role. Rocz. Panstw. Zakl. Hig. 2014, 65,179-184. [PubMed]
15. Palacios, C.; Gonzalez, L. Is vitamin D deficiency a major global public health problem? J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2014,144,138-145. [CrossRef]
16. Van den Ouweland, J.M.W. Analysis of vitamin D metabolites by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Trac Trend. Anal. Chem. 2016, 84,117-130. [CrossRef]
17. Hart, G.R.; Furniss, J.L.; Laurie, D.; Durham, S.K. Measurement of vitamin D status: Background, clinical use, and methodologies. Clin. Lab. 2006, 52, 335-343.
18. Babic, N. Analytical methods and performance of the immunoassay methods for determination of vitamin D in comparison to mass spectrometry. J. Med. Biochem. 2012, 31, 333-338.
19. Begum Azmathullah, A.; Kirubharan, S.; Jeyasubramanian, L.; Anbarasan, P.; Kandasamy, V.; Natesan, S. Study of vitamin D levels in postmenopausal women. J. Evol. Med. Dent. 2016, 5, 4740-4744.
20. Kasalova, E.; Aufartova, J.; Krcmova, L.K.; Solichova, D.; Solich, P. Recent trends in the analysis of vitamin D and its metabolites in milk-A review. Food Chem. 2015,171,177-190. [CrossRef]
21. Karazniewicz-Lada, M.; Glowka, A. A review of chromatographic methods for the determination of waterand fat-soluble vitamins in biological fluids. J. Sep. Sci. 2016, 39,132-148. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
22. Romagnoli, E.; Carnevale, V.; Biondi, P.; Minisola, S. Vitamin D supplementation: When and how? Endocrinol. Investig. 2014, 37, 603-607. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
23. Romagnoli, E.; Pepe, J.; Piemonte, S.; Cipriani, C.; Minisola, S. Management of endocrine disease: Value and limitations of assessing vitamin D nutritional status and advised levels of vitamin D supplementation. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2013,169, R59-R69. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
24. Siggelkow, H. Vitamin-D-Analytic. Diabetol 2016,12, 248-253. [CrossRef]
25. Delchiaro, A.; Oliveira, F.d.J.; Bonacordi, C.L.; Chedid, B.L.; Annicchino, G.; Fernandes, C.E.; Strufaldi, R.; Pompei, L.M.; Steiner, M.L. Evaluation of quality of life, physical activity and nutritional profile of postmenopausal women with and without vitamin D deficiency. Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet. 2017, 39,337-343. [CrossRef]
26. Bahareh, N.; Samiee, M.S.; Farzami, R.M.; Alavimajd, H.; Zahedirad, M.; Kalayi, A.; Shariatzadeh, N.; Boroumand, N.; Golshekan, E.; Gholamian, Y.; et al. Harmonization of serum 25-hydroxycalciferol assay results from high-performance liquid chromatography, enzyme immunoassay, radioimmunoassay, and immunochemiluminescence systems: A multicenter study. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 2017, 31, e22117.
27. Cheng, T.-Y.D.; Millen, A.E.; Wactawski-Wende, J.; Beresford, S.A.A.; LaCroix, A.Z.; Zheng, Y.; Goodman, G.E.; Thornquist, M.D.; Neuhouser, M.L. Vitamin D intake determines vitamin D status of postmenopausal women, particularly those with limited sun exposure. J. Nutr. 2014,144, 681-689. [CrossRef]
28. Damaso, E.L.; Albuquerque de Paula, F.J.; Franceschini, S.A.; Vieira, C.S.; Ferriani, R.A.; Silva de Sa, M.F.; Lara, L.A.d.S. Does the access to sun exposure ensure adequate levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D? Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet. 2017, 39,102-109. [CrossRef]
29. Watanabe, R.; Okazaki, R. Secondary osteoporosis or secondary contributors to bone loss in fracture. Vitamin D deficiency and fracture. Clin. Calcium 2013, 23,1313-1319.
30. López-González, B.; Molina-López, J.; Florea, D.I.; Quintero-Osso, B. Association between magnesium-deficient status and anthropometric and clinical-nutritional parameters in posmenopausal women. Nutr. Hosp. 2014, 29, 658-664.
31. Holick, M.F. Vitamin D Deficiency. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007, 357, 266-281. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
32. Federation of Spanish Societies of Nutrition and Dietetics (FESNAD). Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for the Spanish Population—2010. Act. Diet. 2010,14,196-197.
33. Vázquez-Lorente, H.; Molina-López, J.; Herrera-Quintana, L.; Gamarra-Morales, Y.; López-González, B.; Planells, E. Association between Body Fatness and Vitamin D3 Status in a Postmenopausal Population. Nutrients 2020,12, 667. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
34. Rosanoff, A.; Weaver, C.M.; Rude, R.K. Suboptimal magnesium status in the United States: Are the health consequences underestimated? Nutr. Rev. 2012, 70,153-164. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
35. Ortega, R.M.; González, L.G.; Navia, B.; Sanchez, J.M.P.; Vizuete, A.A.; Sobaler, A.M.L. Calcium and vitamin D intakes in a representative sample of Spanish women; particular problem in menopause. Nutr. Hosp. 2013, 28, 306-313.
36. Wright, H.H.; Kruger, M.C.; Schutte, W.D.; Wentzel-Viljoen, E.; Kruger, I.M.; Kruger, H.S. Magnesium intake predicts bone turnover in postmenopausal black south African women. Nutrients 2019,11, 2519. [CrossRef]
37. Rizzoli, R.; Bischoff-Ferrari, H.; Dawson-Hughes, B.; Weaver, C. Nutrition and bone health in women after menopause. Womens Health (Lond. Engl.) 2014,10, 599-608. [CrossRef]
38. Deng, X.; Song, Y.; Manson, J.E.; Signorello, L.B.; Zhang, S.M.; Shrubsole, M.J.; Ness, R.M.; Seidner, D.L.; Dai, Q. Magnesium, vitamin D status and mortality: Results from US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001 to 2006 and NHANES III. BMC Med. 2013,11,187. [CrossRef]
39. Olza, J.; Aranceta-Bartrina, J.; González-Gross, M.; Ortega, R.M.; Serra-Majem, L.; Varela-Moreiras, G.; Gil, A. Reported dietary intake, disparity between the reported consumption and the level needed for adequacy and food sources of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D in the spanish population: Findings from the ANIBES study. Nutrients 2017, 9,168. [CrossRef]
40. Al-Musharaf, S.; Al-Othman, A.; Al-Daghri, N.M.; Krishnaswamy, S.; Yusuf, D.; Alkharfy, K.M.; Al-Saleh, Y.; Al-Attas, O.S.; Alokail, M.S.; Moharram, O.; et al. Vitamin D deficiency and calcium intake in reference to increased body mass index in children and adolescents. Eur. J. Pediatr. 2012,171,1081-1086. [CrossRef]
41. Harris, H.R.; Chavarro, J.E.; Malspeis, S.; Willett, W.C.; Missmer, S.A. Dairy-food, calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D intake and endometriosis: A prospective cohort study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2013,177, 420-430. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
42. Cashman, K.D. Vitamin D deficiency: Defining, prevalence, causes, and strategies of addressing. Calcif. Tissue. Int. 2020,106,14-29. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
43. Park, E.J.; Lee, H.S.; Lee, S.H.; Shim, K.W.; Cho, C.; Yoo, B.-W. The level of vitamin D using the LC-MS/MS method and related factors in healthy Korean postmenopausal women. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2018, 44, 1977-1984. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
44. Schmitt, E.B.; Nahas-Neto, J.; Bueloni-Dias, F.; Poloni, P.F.; Orsatti, C.L.; Petri Nahas, E.A. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2018,107, 97-102. [CrossRef]
45. Erem, S.; Atfi, A.; Razzaque, M.S. Anabolic effects of vitamin D and magnesium in aging bone. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2019,193,105400. [CrossRef]
46. Uwitonze, A.M.; Razzaque, M.S. Role of magnesium in vitamin D activation and function. J. Am. Osteopath. Assoc. 2018,118,181-189. [CrossRef]
47. Dai, Q.; Zhu, X.; Manson, J.E.; Song, Y.; Li, X.; Franke, A.A.; Costello, R.B.; Rosanoff, A.; Nian, H.; Fan, L.; et al. Magnesium status and supplementation influence vitamin D status and metabolism: Results from a randomized trial. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2018,108,1249-1258. [CrossRef]
48. Melamed, M.L.; Michos, E.D.; Post, W.; Astor, B. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the risk of mortality in the general population. Arch. Intern. Med. 2008,168,1629-1637. [CrossRef]
49. Reddy, P.; Edwards, L.R. Magnesium supplementation in vitamin D deficiency. Am. J. Ther. 2019, 26,124-132. [CrossRef]
50. Granado-Lorencio, F.; Blanco-Navarro, I.; Pérez-Sacristán, B. Criteria of adequacy for vitamin D testing and prevalence of deficiency in clinical practice. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2016, 54, 791-798. [CrossRef]
51. Klapkova, E.; Cepova, J.; Pechova, M.; Dunovska, K.; Kotaska, K.; Prusa, R. A comparison of four Methods (Immunochemistry and HPLC) for determination of 25-(OH)-vitamin D in postmenopausal women. Clin. Lab. 63, 385-388. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
52. Garg, U. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D testing: Immunoassays versus tandem mass spectrometry. Clin. Lab. Med. 38,439-453. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
53. Vázquez-Lorente, H.; Herrera-Quintana, L.; Quintero-Osso, B.; Molina-López, J.; Planells, E. Current trends in the analytical determination of vitamin D. Nutr. Hosp. 2019, 36,1418-1423. [PubMed]
54. Catalano, A.; Morabito, N.; Basile, G.; Cucinotta, D.; Lasco, A. Calcifediol improves lipid profile in osteopenicatorvastatin-treated postmenopausal women. Eur. J. Clin. Investig. 2015, 45,144-149. [CrossRef]
55. Pop, L.C.; Sukumar, D.; Schneider, S.H.; Sclussel, Y.; Stahl, T.; Gordon, C.; Wang, X.; Papathomas, T.V.; Shapses, S.A. Three doses of vitamin D, bone mineral density, and geometry in older women during modest weight control in a 1-year randomized controlled trial. Osteoporos. Int. 2017, 28, 377-388. [CrossRef]
56. Watcharanon, W.; Kaewrudeem, S.; Soontrapa, S.; Somboonporn, W.; Srisaenpang, P.; Panpanit, L.; Pongchaiyakul, C. Effects of sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D levels in postmenopausal women in rural Thailand: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther. Med. 2018, 40, 243-247. [CrossRef]

---

VitaminDWiki - Magnesium and Vitamin D contains

369 items in category, see also

• Overview Magnesium and vitamin D
• Longevity experts take Vitamin D, Omega-3, and Magnesium - Patrick video Sept 2023
• The ONE Supplement All Longevity Experts Are Taking (Magnesium) - video and transcript Dec 2023
• Magnesium deficiency – causes and symptoms – May 2016
• Magnesium Depletion Score predicts increased risk of various health problems
• Vitamins and Metals needed by the Immune System – Jan 2020
• Magnesium: intake decreased, difficult to measure in body – Sept 2018
• Magnesium deficiency estimated by just 6 Yes No questions - Dec 2019
• Magnesium fights diabetes (yet again)– meta-analysis Nov 2021
• Magnesium in Healthcare (Rickets, Stones, Pregnancy, Depression, etc.) with level of evidence – Sept 2017
• Magnesium is great for health, topical much faster than oral, MgCl2 is the best – 2019
• Magnesium is important for health but levels are low – July 2018
• How to get lots of Magnesium – especially needed for Coimbra MS and Autoimmune Protocol
• Magnesium etc. reduced in crops (must supplement) – 2009

Magnesium and Vitamin D

• Intracellular Magnesium and Vitamin D - a few studies
• Vitamin D and Magnesium need each other - many studies
• Why Vitamin D is Useless without This Critical Nutrient (Magnesium) - Jan 2019
• 500 mg of Magnesium for 8 weeks increased Vitamin D by 4 ng – July 2020
• Magnesium and Vitamin D - pre-colon cancer – RCT Dec 2018
• Magnesium is vital to Vitamin D in 4 places (maybe 8) – March 2018
• Magnesium and Vitamin D – recent deficiencies, needed, synergistic - good overview 2017
• Vitamin D Cofactors in a nutshell
• Magnesium and Vitamin D - similar, different and synergistic

12+ VitaminDWiki Magnesium pages have MANY STUDIES in the title
The list is automatically updated

---

See also VitaminDWiki

• Response to Vitamin D increased if take Magnesium and Vitamin K2 – Grassroots March 2020
• Magnesium is needed by Vitamin D in 8 places - 2013
• Magnesium deficiency estimated by just 6 Yes No questions - Dec 2019
• Why Vitamin D is Useless without This Critical Nutrient (Magnesium) - Jan 2019
• Magnesium and Vitamin D - pre-colon cancer – RCT Dec 2018