Assessment of correlation between vitamin D level and prevalence of preterm births in the population of pregnant women in Poland
Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(6) DOI: https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01146
Marta Baczyńska-Strzecha 1 , Jarosław Kalinka 1
Medical University in Lodz, Łódź, Poland (Department of Perinatology, 1st Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology)
- Preterm birth rate reduced by vitamin D – 78 percent if non-white, 39 percent if white – July 2017
- Preterm birth rate reduced by 43 percent with adequate Vitamin D supplementation – meta-analysis Feb 2017
- Preterm birth 2X more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor, 9 X if also had previous miscarriage – June 2017
Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D has the following summary
Most were taking 2,000 to 7,000 IU daily for >50% of pregnancy
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Problem | Vit. D Reduces | Evidence |
| 0. Chance of not conceiving | 3.4 times | Observe |
| 1. Miscarriage | 2.5 times | Observe |
| 2. Pre-eclampsia | 3.6 times | RCT |
| 3. Gestational Diabetes | 3 times | RCT |
| 4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality | 3.5 times | Observe |
| 5. Premature birth | 2 times | RCT |
| 6. C-section - unplanned | 1.6 times | Observe |
| Stillbirth - OMEGA-3 | 4 times | RCT - Omega-3 |
| 7. Depression AFTER pregnancy | 1.4 times | RCT |
| 8. Small for Gestational Age | 1.6 times | meta-analysis |
| 9. Infant height, weight, head size within normal limits | RCT | |
| 10. Childhood Wheezing | 1.3 times | RCT |
| 11. Additional child is Autistic | 4 times | Intervention |
| 12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis | 1.9 times | Observe |
| 13. Preeclampsia in young adult | 3.5 times | RCT |
| 14. Good motor skills @ age 3 | 1.4 times | Observe |
| 15. Childhood Mite allergy | 5 times | RCT |
| 16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits | 2.5 times | RCT |
RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial
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Table1
Objectives: Aim of this project is determination of the correlation between the level of vitamin D in blood serum and duration of pregnancy in population in central Poland.
Material and Methods: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level was determined in blood serum, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Standardized history of each patient was recorded. The history included: general medical history, data regarding the course of pregnancy and information about health-related behavior that could influence vitamin D concentration. Two hundred-and-one Caucasian women at childbirth were qualified into the study. The study group was divided into 2 parts: 100 patients who had a spontaneous premature birth and 101 patients who had birth at full term.
Results: Vitamin D deficiency (< 30 ng/ml) was very common for both groups (69.6% of patients in the premature group and 72% – in the control group). Patients who had a premature birth had severe vitamin D deficiency (less than 10 ng/ml) more often than in the control group (34% vs. 14.2%, p = 0.001). Severe vitamin D deficiency increased the risk of premature birth but the association was not statistically significant in the multivariate regression model (odds ratio (OR) = 2.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86–7.15, p = 0.094).
Conclusions: Severe vitamin D deficiency (< 10 ng/ml) may be the factor increasing the risk of preterm birth.