Inflammation markers associated with less than 10 ng of Vitamin D – Feb 2014

Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Inflammation in Older Irish Adults

E. Laird, H. McNulty, M. Ward, L. Hoey, E. McSorley, J. M. W. Wallace‡, E. Carson, A. M. Molloy, M. Healy, M. C. Casey, C. Cunningham, and J. J. Strain
Received: September 16, 2013, Accepted: January 22, 2014, Published Online: February 25, 2014

Context:
Inadequate vitamin D status is common within elderly populations and may be implicated in the etiology of autoimmune disease and inflammation. Few studies have investigated the relationship between vitamin D status and age-related immune dysfunction in humans.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between vitamin D status and immune markers of inflammation in a large sample of older adults.

Design, Setting, and Participants:
An observational investigation of 957 Irish adults (>60 years of age) recruited in Northern Ireland (55°N latitude) as part of the Trinity Ulster Department of Agriculture aging cohort study.

Main Outcome Measure:
We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and serum cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, and C-reactive protein (CRP) by ELISA.

Results:
Concentrations of IL-6, CRP, and the ratios of IL-6 to IL-10 and CRP to IL-10 were significantly higher in individuals with deficient (<25 nmol/L) serum 25(OH)D compared with those with sufficient (>75 nmol/L) status after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index (P < .05). Vitamin D status was a significant predictor of the IL-6 to IL-10 cytokine ratio, and those participants defined as deficient were significantly more likely to have an IL-6 to IL-10 ratio >2:1 compared with those defined as sufficient.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrated significant associations between low vitamin D status and markers of inflammation (including the ratio of IL-6 to IL-10) within elderly adults.
These findings suggest that an adequate vitamin D status may be required for optimal immune function, particularly within the older adult population.

Affiliations
Institute of Molecular Medicine (E.L., A.M.M.), School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health (H.M., M.W., L.H., E.M., J.M.W.W., E.C., J.J.S.), University of Ulster, Coleraine, Londonderry BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland; Department of Clinical Biochemistry (M.H.), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; and The Mercers Institute for Research on Ageing (M.C.C., C.C.), St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

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