Fetal Loss Syndrome 4.9 X more likely if low Vitamin D - April 2025

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ROLE OF VITAMIN D IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF FETAL LOSS SYNDROME. PRIMARY RESULTS OF A COHORT STUDY

“Bulletin of Vinnytsia National Medical University", 2025, vol. 29, No. 1 DOI: 10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2025-29(1)-09
Demyanyuk S.V. Vinnytsia, Ukraine, 21018) demyanyuksveta at gmail.com

Given the dynamics of the decline in the birth rate in Ukraine during wartime and the demographic crisis, the issue of studying the factors of reproductive losses and creating effective measures for their prevention is an extremely urgent task. The purpose of the work is to assess the role of vitamin D in the development of fetal loss syndrome. A cohort study was conducted with the participation of 83 women of reproductive age from 21 to 42 years (on average - 30.86±5.02 years) with a history of fetal loss syndrome, who sought medical help from obstetric and gynecological hospitals in Vinnytsia during 2017-2022. The comparison group included 83 women with a normal course of pregnancy and childbirth. The level of vitamin D was assessed by the concentration of 25-OH vitamin D total (vitamin D2 and vitamin D3) in blood serum, which was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the statistical package of information processing SPSS 21 (©SPSS Inc.). The results of the study showed that the level of 25(OH)D was statistically significantly lower in the group of women with fetal loss syndrome, in particular with detected hemostasis disorders, compared with women with a normal course of pregnancy and childbirth (p<0.05).

The average level of 25(OH)D in serum was

• 21.74±9.37 ng/ml in women with fetal loss syndrome and
• 38.31±5.96 ng/ml in patients of the comparison group.

It was found that 77.1% of women with fetal loss syndrome had insufficiency (27.7%) or deficiency (49.4%) of vitamin D in serum. At the same time, in women of this category, the indicated vitamin D statuses were significantly more frequent than in women with a normal course of pregnancy and childbirth (OR 4.92; 95% CI [1.88-12.8] and OR 82.0; 95% CI [10.89-617.3], respectively). Therefore, the conducted studies have established a significant relationship between vitamin D deficiency and fetal loss syndrome, in particular in women with hemostasis disorders, which requires studying the effectiveness of its use to improve pregnancy outcomes.

Criteria clipped from PDF
The inclusion criteria for the study were:

• >1 spontaneous abortion at 10 weeks of gestation or more (including non-developing pregnancy);
• 3 or more spontaneous miscarriages at the preembryonic or early embryonic stage,
    when there are no anatomical, genetic and hormonal causes
• miscarriage;
• stillbirth;
• neonatal death due to premature birth, severe preeclampsia, or placental insufficiency.

  PDF (translated by Google)

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Miscarriage and low Vitamin D – many studies - as well as Vitamin D Receptor and microplastics

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Stillbirth reduced by Vitamin D, Zinc, Omega-3 - several studies

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Abortion 3X higher risk if very low vitamin D – Jan 2016

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Preeclampsia reduced by Vitamin D - many studies

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VitaminDWiki - Pregnancy category contains

942 items in Pregnancy category

 - see also

• Overview Pregnancy and vitamin D
• Number of articles in both categories of Pregnancy and:Dark Skin 30;   Depression 21;   Diabetes 45;   Obesity 18;  Hypertension 44;   Breathing 37;  Omega-3 46;  Vitamin D Receptor 25 Click here for details
• All items in category Infant/Child 866 items
• Pregnancy needs at least 40 ng of vitamin D, achieved by at least 4,000 IU – Hollis Aug 2017
• 38+ papers with Breastfed etc, in the title
• Call to action – more Vitamin D for pregnancies, loading doses are OK – Holick Aug 2019
• 53+ preeclampsia studies
• 94+ studies with PRETERM in the title
• Fertility problem (PCOS) reduced by vitamin D, etc: many studies 15+
• 94+ Gestational Diabetes
• Caesarean birth much more likely if low Vitamin D - many studies 15+ studies
• Post-partum depression and low Vitamin D - many studies 15+ studies
• Stillbirth reduced by Vitamin D, Zinc, Omega-3 - several studies 5+ studies
• Search VitaminDWiki for "Assisted reproduction" 33 items as of Aug 2022
• Fertility and Sperm category listing has 146 items along with related searches
• (Stunting OR “low birth weight” OR LBW) 1180 items as of June 2020
• Less labor pain if higher level of vitamin D – August 2021
• Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D
• Ensure a healthy pregnancy and baby - take Vitamin D before conception
  

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VitaminDWiki – Healthy pregnancies need lots of vitamin D contains

Most were taking 2,000 to 7,000 IU daily for >50% of pregnancy
   Click on hyperlinks for details

Problem	Vit. D Reduces	Evidence
0. Chance of not conceiving	3.4 times	Observe
1. Miscarriage	2.5 times	Observe
2. Pre-eclampsia	3.6 times	RCT
3. Gestational Diabetes	3 times	RCT
4. Good 2nd trimester sleep quality	3.5 times	Observe
5. Premature birth	2 times	RCT
6. C-section - unplanned	1.6 times	Observe
Stillbirth - OMEGA-3	4 times	RCT - Omega-3
7. Depression AFTER pregnancy	1.4 times	RCT
8. Small for Gestational Age	1.6 times	meta-analysis
9. Infant height, weight, head size      within normal limits		RCT
10. Childhood Wheezing	1.3 times	RCT
11. Additional child is Autistic	4 times	Intervention
12.Young adult Multiple Sclerosis	1.9 times	Observe
13. Preeclampsia in young adult	3.5 times	RCT
14. Good motor skills @ age 3	1.4 times	Observe
15. Childhood Mite allergy	5 times	RCT
16. Childhood Respiratory Tract visits	2.5 times	RCT

RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial