Uveitis (inflamed eye) and Vitamin D - many studies

Many vision problems are associated with low vitamin D.
Wonder when vision studies will try adding vitamin D orally or topically

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VitaminDWiki – Vision category contains:

• 12% larger pupils in children who are Vitamin D deficient – Feb 2024 parasympathetic nervous system?
• Myopia, AMD, Dry Eye, and Diabetic Retinopathy are all associated with low Vitamin D - April 2023
• An ocular disease can be associated with low vitamin D and 1 of 5 poor vitamin D genes – June 2022
• Eye vitamin D may not be associated with blood VitD, but is associated with CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 – Nov 2019
• Vitamin D treats and prevents a variety of eye problems (need 70 ng) – June 2018
• Vitamin D and Myopia, AMD, Diabetic Retinopathy, Uveitis, Glaucoma, VDR etc. – May 2015
• Tears often have 25 % higher levels of vitamin D than does blood

Vision problems having many studies on VitaminDWiki

• Uveitis (inflamed eye) and Vitamin D - many studies
• Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Vitamin D - many studies
• Cataracts and Vitamin D - many studies
• Diabetic Retinopathy associated with low Vitamin D - many studies
• 7+ studies of Glaucoma and Vitamin D
• Dry Eyes treated by Omega-3 and Vitamin D – many studies
• 21+ studies of Myopia and Vitamin D

112 items in Vision category

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Non-infectious uveitis 2 X more likely if low vitamin D - meta-analysis Feb 2024 (FREE PDF)

Vitamin D deficiency and non-infectious uveitis: A systematic review and Meta-analysis
Autoimmunity Reviews Volume 23, Issue 2, February 2024, 103497 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103497

Background
Vitamin D plays a critical role in immunomodulation, and its deficiency is implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, its relationship with non-infectious uveitis (NIU), an inflammatory ocular disorder, remains inconclusive.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted in three databases from database inception until May 8, 2023, to investigate the potential relationship between vitamin D deficiency and NIU. We included observational studies reporting the measurement of vitamin D levels in patients with NIU and healthy controls without restriction of language or date of publication. Three pairs of authors independently screened the title and abstracts for potential eligibility and then in full text. A third author resolved disagreements. Three pairs of independent reviewers abstracted the data from the fully reviewed records and evaluated the risk of bias. We followed The MOOSE and PRISMA guidelines. Random effects meta-analyses were used for primary analysis. Studies not included in the meta-analysis were summarized descriptively. This review was registered in PROSPERO: CRD42022308105.
Findings
Of 933 records screened, 11 studies were included, and five were meta-analyzed, encompassing 354 cases and 5728 controls (mean participant age ranging from 7.1 to 58.9 years). Patients with vitamin D deficiency exhibited an Odds Ratio of 2.04 (95% CI = 1.55–2.68, P < 0.00001) for developing NIU compared to controls. Overall, potential sources of bias were low across most studies.
Interpretation
Our findings suggest that vitamin D may play an essential role in the pathophysiology of NIU. While the included studies demonstrated generally low potential bias, additional rigorous prospective studies are necessary to confirm these findings and further elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved. Vitamin D supplementation could represent a possible therapeutic strategy for preventing or managing NIU if substantiated. Clinicians should consider screening for and addressing vitamin D deficiency in patients with or at risk for NIU.
 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

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Chronic Anterior Uveitis 2X less likely if happened to be taking Vitamin D - Nov 2024

Vitamin D Supplementation and Remission from Chronic Anterior Uveitis
Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2024 Nov 25:1-4. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2024.2427857 $65 paywall
Hueyjong Shih 1 2, Yineng Chen 3, Katie Huynh 1 2, Eric B Suhler 4 5, Jennifer E Thorne 6 7, Nirali P Bhatt 8, C Stephen Foster 9, Douglas A Jabs 6 7, Grace A Levy-Clarke 10, Robert B Nussenblatt 11, James T Rosenbaum 4 12 13, H Nida Sen 14 15, Sapna S Gangaputra 16, Abhishek R Payal 17, Hosne Begum 6, Naira Khachatryan 8, Sherri-Ann M Burnett-Bowie 18, Gui-Shuang Ying 3, John H Kempen 1 2 19 20 21, Lucia Sobrin 1 2

Purpose: Chronic anterior uveitis (CAU) often requires suppressive therapy, which has potential side effects including cataract, ocular hypertension, and increased risk of infection. No remittive therapy is currently available; however, several studies have demonstrated an association between low 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25OHD) levels and either uveitis incidence or uveitis disease activity. This study investigates the potential of Vitamin D supplementation as a remittive treatment for CAU.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy for Eye Disease (SITE) cohort study, which included patients with ocular inflammatory disease seen at U.S. tertiary centers between 1979 and 2010. Vitamin D supplementation data was analyzed for patients with CAU. Eyes were considered in remission if they remained quiet for at least 90 days off all anti-inflammatory treatment for eye disease.

Results: Among 2688 patients who never used Vitamin D, the cumulative adjusted CAU remission incidence was 13.5% at the 16-month follow-up. In contrast, among 75 patients who used Vitamin D for a duration of ≤1 year, the cumulative adjusted CAU remission incidence was 28% at 16 months. The use of Vitamin D was associated with a crude hazard ratio for remission of 2.14 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23-3.71, p = 0.0071], and an adjusted hazard ratio for remission of 2.43 [95% CI: 1.36-4.33, p = 0.0027].

Conclusion: In the SITE Cohort, Vitamin D supplementation is associated with a significantly increased incidence of remission. Vitamin D supplementation should be explored in a prospective trial as the next step of evaluation.

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Uveitis (noninfectious) 5X more likely if vitamin D deficient - meta-analysis June 2024

Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Noninfectious Uveitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2024.2367676 $65 paywall
Dillan Cunha Amaral , MSORCID Icon,Rafael Takahashi , MSORCID Icon,Henrique Maciel Vieira de Moraes , MD, PhDORCID Icon,Márcio Penha Morterá Rodrigues , MD, PhDORCID Icon,Adroaldo de Alencar Costa Filho , MD, PhDORCID Icon,Haroldo Vieira de Moraes Junior , MD, PhDORCID Icon

Purpose
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with higher rates of autoimmune disease, including noninfectious uveitis. This PRISMA-compliant review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the correlation between noninfectious uveitis and vitamin D levels.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases for studies, published in English, assessing vitamin D levels in patients diagnosed with noninfectious uveitis. The outcomes of interest were vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D mean level, vitamin D supplementation, and smoking rates. A subgroup analysis of inactive uveitis and active uveitis was performed. The heterogeneity was assessed with Cochrane Q-test and I2 statistics; p > 0.10 and I2 > 50% were considered significant for heterogeneity. Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.3.

Results
9 studies were included in the meta-analysis comprising a total of 10 711 patients, of whom 1,368 were diagnosed with noninfectious uveitis. Patients with noninfectious uveitis had worse results regarding vitamin D deficiency when compared with the control group (OR 0.58; CI 95% 0.44 to 0.77; p = 0.0002; I2 = 61%). Patients with inactive uveitis had better results towards vitamin D deficiency when compared with active uveitis (OR 5.00; CI 95% 2.84 to 8.81; p < 0.001; I2 = 0%).

Conclusion
Our research supports the increasing evidence that associates vitamin D deficiency with noninfectious uveitis and its activity. Further investigation into the efficacy of vitamin D screening and supplementation in reducing the recurrence of uveitis is necessary.

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The association between vitamin D and uveitis: A comprehensive review - March 2022

Survey of Ophthalmology Vol 67, #2, March–April 2022,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.07.006 paywall
Shani Pillar MD; Radgonde Amer MD

Vitamin D plays an important role in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. We review published data on the relationship between uveitis and vitamin D levels or vitamin D-associated gene polymorphisms. A search of the PubMed and Medline databases was conducted to identify relevant articles concerning vitamin D and uveitis. Sixteen studies were included in this review, and the evidence they present, linking low vitamin D levels with uveitis, is compelling. The uveitic entities shown to be modulated by hypovitaminosis D include, but are not limited to, HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease, sarcoidosis-associated uveitis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis. Specific polymorphisms of vitamin D family genes were found to correlate with uveitis in ankylosing spondylitis, Behçet's disease, VKH, and HLA B27-positive patients. Further understanding of the role of vitamin D, a known regulator of inflammatory processes, in noninfectious uveitis may advance capabilities in the fields of disease prevention and treatment.

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6+ VitaminDWiki pages have UVEITIS in the title

The list is automatically updated

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is Uveitis a type of eye infection? (asked Perplexity AI Nov 2024)

Yes, uveitis is a specific type of eye inflammation that affects the uvea, which is the middle layer of tissue in the eye wall  1  3
. The inflammation occurs in different parts of the uvea, which includes:
Key Components

• The iris (colored part at the front)
• The ciliary body (behind the iris)
• The choroid (layer of blood vessels)

Types
There are four distinct categories of uveitis based on which part of the eye is affected:

1. Anterior uveitis: Affects the front of the eye and is the most common form 1
2. Intermediate uveitis: Affects the vitreous (gel in middle of eye) 1
3. Posterior uveitis: Affects the back of the eye, including retina and choroid  1
4. Panuveitis: Involves inflammation throughout all layers of the uvea  1

Common Symptoms
The inflammation typically causes:

• Eye redness
• Eye pain
• Blurred vision
• Light sensitivity
• Floating spots (floaters) in vision  2

Primary Causes
The inflammation can occur due to:

• Autoimmune responses
• Infections (bacterial, viral, or fungal)
• Eye injury or surgery
• Inflammatory diseases  3

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Uveitis and Uvea images