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Vitamin D is low in Europe – 40 percent have less than 20 ng – ODEN Oct 2018

Summary Outcomes of the ODIN Project on Food Fortification for Vitamin D Deficiency Prevention

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018,15, 2342; doi:10.3390/ijerph15112342
Mairead Kiely * and Kevin D. Cashman
Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12ND89 Cork, Ireland; k.cashman at ucc.ie * Correspondence: m.kiely at ucc.ie; Tel.: +353-21-4903394

VitaminDWiki

Observations by Henry Lahore, founder of VitaminDWiki

  1. Some groups in Europe believe that Vitamin D levels as low as 20 ng are OK
  2. Varous groups around the world believe that vitamin D levels should be much higher:
    • 30 ng, 40 ng or perhaps 50 ng
  3. A lot more Vitamin D is needed by those with dark skins
  4. It is very difficult to use population-wide food fortification to achieve an acceptable Vitamin D level for all peoples
    • Basic problem with fortification: There is no type of food that virtually all people in a population eat consistantly
      • Even if three food types were fortified - say Bread + milk + meat would not cover the needs needing even more: - dark skin, obese, etc.
    • ODIN had tried for many years, but now appears to have given up

See also VitaminDWiki

Fortification

Optimum

Europe

StudyCountries< 30 ng
HELENA 9 EU 97%
OPUS Denmark87%
Tromsø Study: Fit Futures Norway 96%
HGS Greece 97%
INNS Greece 90%
Cork BASELINE Birth Ireland 84%
NDNS 1–18 y United Kingdom 90%
NDNS >18 y United Kingdom 91%
DEG4 Germany 91%
Tromsø Study–6th Survey Norway 75%
NHS Netherlands 78%
LASA Netherlands 68%
AGES–Reykjavik Iceland 86%
Finnish Migrant Health . . Finland89%
NANS Ireland 81%
Health 2011 Finland 76%
HUBRO Norway 66%
Health 2006 Denmark 68%

 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

Food-based solutions for optimal vitamin D nutrition and health through the life cycle (ODIN) was a cross-disciplinary, collaborative project, including 30 partners from 19 countries, which aimed to develop evidence-based solutions to prevent low vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) < 30 nmol/L) using a food-first approach.

This paper provides a summary overview of some of the important ODIN outcomes and outlines some outstanding data requirements. In a study of almost 56,000 individuals, the first internationally standardised dataset of vitamin D status showed that 13% of EU residents overall, across a latitude gradient of 35° N to 69° N, had serum 25(OH)D < 30 nmol/L and 40% were < 50 nmol/L.
The risk of low vitamin D status was several-fold higher among persons of ethnic minority
However, additional data from quality bio-banked sera would be required to improve these estimates.
To address the question of dietary requirements for vitamin D among under-researched life-stage and population groups, four dose-response RCTs conducted in Northern Europe showed that vitamin D3 intakes of 8 and 13 ug/day prevented 25(OH)D decreasing below 30 nmol/L in white children and adolescents and 20 and 30 ug/day, respectively, achieved >50 nmol/L.
Among white women during pregnancy, 30 ug/day is required to prevent umbilical cord 25(OH)D, representing new-born vitamin D status, below 25 nmol/L. While 8 pg/day protected white women in Finland at the 30 nmol/L cut-off, 18 ug/day was needed by women of East African descent to prevent 25(OH)D decreasing below 30 nmol/L during wintertime.
Replicate RCTs are needed in young children <5 years and in school-age children, teens and pregnant women of ethnic minority. Using a series of food production studies, food-based RCTs and dietary modelling experiments, ODIN research shows that diverse fortification strategies could safely increase population intakes and prevent low vitamin D status. Building on this solid technological platform, implementation research is now warranted to scale up interventions in real-world settings to eradicate vitamin D deficiency.

Text extracted from the PDF had too many errors to be useful, sorry

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Vitamin D is low in Europe – 40 percent have less than 20 ng – ODEN Oct 2018        
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